Joint Movement Terminology

Question 1

Flexion

Answer 1

Bend or flex the joint, decrease the angle

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

To open or straighten the joints, increase the angle

Question 3

Adduction

Answer 3

A sidewise movement that brings the body part towards the mid-line or median line.

Question 4

Abduction

Answer 4

A sideways movement that brings the body part away from the mid-line or median line.

Question 5

Lateral (external) rotation

Answer 5

A movement that would twist the limb away from the body

Question 6

Medial (internal) rotation

Answer 6

A movement that would twist the limb toward the body

Question 7

Circumduction

Answer 7

A movement where a limb makes a big circle

Question 8

Protraction

Answer 8

Moving the limb forward as the body propels forward. (Horse’s limb reaching forward as/while the body is going forward)

Question 9

Retraction

Answer 9

Moving the limb backward as the body propels forward (leg pushing off)

Question 10

Lateral neck bending

Answer 10

Bending the neck side to side

Question 11

Neck Rotation

Answer 11

Swiveling the head at the poll will cause neck rotation.