JKR: Parents & Children Changes✔️

Question 1

What are the main changes in childbearing? (3)

Answer 1

• nearly half of all children are born outside of marriage.
• women are having babies later.
• women are having fewer babies.
• most women are remaining childless.

Question 2

What is the main reason for the increase in births outside of marriage?

Answer 2

Less stigma - only 28% of adults think that marriage should come before parenthood.
In the 1900’s, children were looked at differently if they were born outside of wedlock ‘bastards.’

Question 3

What is the pattern in lone parent families? (3)

Answer 3

• lone parent families make up 22% of all families. One in 4 children live in a lone parent family.
• 90% of lone parent families are headed by mothers.
• a child living with a lone parent is 2X likely to be in poverty as s child living with both parents.

Question 4

Why have lone parent families increased?

Answer 4

• increase in divorce and separation.
• less stigma in the past.
• headed by women as women are seen as more maternal and courts are more likely to give custody to mother.

Question 5

What does Murray want to do to benefits and why?

Answer 5

He wants to get rid of it as he thinks it is too generous - people are breeding in society and receiving money. To him, they shouldn’t have kids if they can’t provide for them.

Question 6

What do critics of Murray argue? (Murray wants to abolish welfare benefits for lone parents) (3)

Answer 6

They say that the welfare benefits are far from generous and lone parent families are much more likely to be in poverty because of:

• women earn less than men (lone women)
• fathers don’t pay for their families.
• childcare is too expensive.

Question 7

What does Murray basically say?

And why does his opinion not mean much?

Answer 7

That people who are out of work do not deserve to make the same money as people who do work.

He can’t talk because he is privelledged and doesn’t understand!!

Question 8

What did Allan and Crow say that families face?

What did Ferri and Smith say?

Answer 8

They face particular problems of divides loyalties and there is more tension.

Ferri & Smith say there are at a greater risk of poverty.

Question 9

Where do the step children come from?

Answer 9

85% - they come from women.

11% they come from the man’s previous marriage.

Question 10

What is the reason for:

• increased poverty in step families
• more children from woman’s side in step families

Answer 10

• poverty increased because more children and family.

- because women usually get custody of their kids.