jeopardy test 2

Question 1

cell membranes __

a. consists entirely of protein molecules
b. are impermeable to fat-soluble substances
c. contain amphipathic phospholipid molecules
d. have a stable composition throughout the life of the cell

Answer 1

c. contain amphipathic phospholipid molecules

Question 2

the purpose of the microvilli on the surface of the cell membrane is to

a. enable the cell to move
b. allow the movement of substances across the cel surface
c. provide a greater surface area
d. enable the cell to engulf solid particles

Answer 2

c. provide a greater surface area

Question 3

cholesterol is taken up into the cell by

a. pinocytosis
b. phagocytosis
c. receptor-medicated endocytosis
d. phagocytosis

Answer 3

c. receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 4

the plasma membrane structure is asymmetric because

a. the phospholipids are randomly arranged
b. glycolipids make up the outer layer whereas the phospholipids make up the inner layer
c. cholesterol makes up the inner layer
d. glycolipids appear only on the extracellular side of the cell membrane

Answer 4

d. glycolipids appear only on the extracellular side of the cell membrane

Question 5

in general, polar molecules pass through the lipid bilayer more rapidly than do non polar molecules. This statement is

a. true
b. false. non polar molecules pass through more rapidly because much of the bilayer is non polar
c. false. Polar molecules move through less rapidly because the bilayer is polar throughout its width
d. false. the passage of non polar and polar molecules through the bilayer is the same as long as the molecules are the same size

Answer 5

b. false. non polar molecules pass through more rapidly because much of the bilayer is non polar

Question 6

cells that are primarily responsible for the storage of calcium most likely possess a large amount of well developed ____

Answer 6

smooth ER

Question 7

spindle apparatus is made of cytoskeletal structures called _____

Answer 7

microtubules

Question 8

which of the following organelle-to-function relationships is incorrect?

a. Golgi apparatus: protein processing
b. nucleus : storage of genetic information
c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum: site off protein packaging
d. mitochondrion: energy production

Answer 8

c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum: site of protein packaging

Question 9

cell A produces proteins. Cell B synthesizes steroids. What differences would be expected in these two cells?
a. cell A would have more rough endoplasmic reticulum than cell B
b. Cell A would have more smooth endoplasmic reticulum than cell B
C. cell A would have more mitochondrion aria than cell B
D. cell A would have more peroxisomes than cell B

Answer 9

A.Cell A would have more rough endoplasmic reticulum than cell B

Question 10

The DNA within the ______ contains the genes that code for the production of ribosomal RNA

Answer 10

nucleolus

Question 11

This double-stranded RNA called ______ is formed from either the transcription of a segment of two complementary DNA strands or from double-stranded RNA produced by a virus inside the host cell and silences the production of protein

Answer 11

siRNA

Question 12

which of the following statements is incorrect about microRNA (miRNA) molecule?

a. its other name is short interfering RNA (siRNA)
b. it could promote or prevent cancer
c. tumor cells produce fewer miRNA
d. it suppresses expression of specific genes by interfering with translation

Answer 12

a. its other name is short interfering RNA (siRNA)

Question 13

A short interfering RNA (siRNA which is complementary to an mRNA will prevent that mRNA from being ____ and thus causing _____ of the mRNA

Answer 13

translated, silencing

Question 14

The codon that corresponds to the DNA sequence G-T-A is ____

Answer 14

C-A-U

Question 15

The segments of primary mRNA that are cleaved off by spliceosomes are called _____

Answer 15

introns

Question 16

The structure labeled A in this illustration is a ____. Transcription causes structure A to become structure B called ______. Removal of introns results in a new structure labeled C called _____.

Answer 16

DNA
pre mRNA
mRNA

Question 17

The interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into ___, __, and __

Answer 17

G1, S, G2

Question 18

If a cell lacked to enzyme DNA polymerase, the cell could not
a. produce proteins
b. form spindle fibers
c. link pieces of DNA together
D. form a new nuclear membrane during telophase

Answer 18

C. link pieces of DNA together

Question 19

Generally, cells with slower mitotic rates 
A. are step cells 
B. do not exhibit cytokinesis 
C. have longer life spans 
D. are reproductive cells

Answer 19

C. have longer life spans

Question 20

What is the correct sequence cell life cycle of somatic cell

Answer 20

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis

Question 21

A ___ is a chemical that increases the rate of a reaction but does not change itself at the end of the reaction or change the nature of the reaction or its final result

Answer 21

catalyst

Question 22

the interaction between the substrate and the enzyme,e is called _____________ model

Answer 22

lock and key

Question 23

temporary bonds between the amino acids lining the active site and the substrate ____ (weaken or strengthen) the existing bonds within the substrate molecule and allow them to be easily broken

Answer 23

weaken

Question 24

Coenzymes are

a. organic molecules derived from water-soluble vitamins
b. organic molecules derived from fat-soluble vitamins
c. metal ions
d. enzymes that work together

Answer 24

a. organic molecules derived from water-soluble vitamins

Question 25

the enzyme involved in the reaction H2CO3 --> H20 + CO2 is ______

Answer 25

carbonic anhydrase

Question 26

The lab results of a patient with chest pain has an elevated crenate phosphatase level. It is possible that the patient is suffering from ____

Answer 26

heart attack (myocardial ischemia)

Question 27

which enzyme is responsible for dehydration synthesis

Answer 27

synthase

Question 28

which enzyme is responsible for hydrolysis

Answer 28

hydrolase

Question 29

which enzyme is responsible for the removal of phosphate

Answer 29

phosphatase

Question 30

which enzyme is responsible for rearranging atoms within their substrates

Answer 30

Isomerase

Question 31

which enzyme is responsible for the removal of hydrogen atoms

Answer 31

Dehydrogenase

Question 32

which enzyme is responsible for adding a phosphate group

Answer 32

kinase

Question 33

The ____ changes the conformation of the active site, allowing for a better fit between the enzyme and its substrates

Answer 33

cofactor

Question 34

When the relationship between substrate concentration and reaction rate reaches a plateau of maximum velocity, the enzyme is said to be ______

Answer 34

saturated

Question 35

Which of the following statements is not true of enzymes? A. Reactions continue at a slow rate without the enzyme B. Heat raises the energy level of reactant molecules thus making reactions go faster C. Heat also produces undesirable side effects in cells D. Reactions cannot occur without the enzyme

Answer 35

D. Reactions cannot occur without the enzyme

Question 36

Activation of pancreatic zymogens occurs in the _____. This process protects _____ from self digestion

Answer 36

small intestinal lumen | pancreatic cells

Question 37

The blood glucose levels are regulated between meals by the activation and inactivation of enzymes and is achieved by the process of ______/______.

Answer 37

phosphorylation/dephosphorylation

Question 38

A sequence of enzymatic reactions that begins with an initial substrate, progression through a number of intermediates, and ends with a final product is known as a _______

Answer 38

metabolic pathway

Question 39

The activities of enzymes at the branch points of metabolic pathways are often regulated by a process called _______

Answer 39

end product inhibition

Question 40

A mechanism by which a final product inhibits an earlier enzyme,atic step in its pathway is known as _____ inhibition

Answer 40

allosteric

Question 41

Nicotinamider adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are coenzymes that serve as _____ carriers

Answer 41

hydrogen

Question 42

Which of the statements about ATP is false? a. the bond joining ADP and the third phosphate is a high-energy bond b. the formation of ATP is coupled to energy - requiring reactions c. the conversion of ATP to ADP and Pi provides energy d. ATP is the universal energy carrier of the cell

Answer 42

B. the formation of ATP is coupled to energy requiring reactions

Question 43

____ is the final electron acceptor in a chain of oxidation- reduction reactions that provide energy for ATP production

Answer 43

Hydrogen

Question 44

Free energy of a system decreases as its entropy increases. This a. is part of the first law of thermodynamics b. is part of the second law of thermodynamics c. explains why we need the continued input of the chemical bond energy in food molecules d. is both A and C e. is both B and C

Answer 44

e. is both B and C