Jeopardy Review Flashcards
The physical environment where an organism lives?
Habitat
These regions will support similar organismal communities
Biome
Describing the sex of an organism would be considered this type of data
Qualitative
Macro- and Micro- habitats are an example of this
Spatial scales
This concept suggests that abiotic factors affect species distribution and abundance
Habitat template concept
It makes up 3% of all water on earth
Freshwater
This affects how life is vertically distributed in an aquatic ecosystem
Light
Oxygen solubility is highest in these kinds of waters
Cold and turbulent (lotic) waters
This is the zone in which temperatures rapidly decline
Thermocline
This is the upward force that acts upon an object submerged in water
Buoyancy
This is the largest aquatic environment on earth
The ocean
Morningside pond is an example of this kind of environment
Lentic environment
It connects all aquatic ecosystems on earth
The hydrologic cycle
They are extremely diverse ecosystems found in nutrient-poor waters
Coral reefs
This says that community change occurs gradually as you move from source to mouth
River continuum concept
This represents a linear model of interactions
Food chain
They eat at several trophic levels
Omnivores (and some aquatic animals that change form throughout life, since food chains are based mostly on size in aquatic ecosystems)
This term describes the nutrient status in an aquatic system associated with intermediate production levels
Mesotrophic
Multiple fish species that eat the same small snails are an example of this
Dietary guilds
This measures the proportion of links within a food web for a given ecosystem
Connectance
This measures the number of species in a community
Species richness
Scuba diving is an example of this kind of biodiversity service
Cultural
A higher value of Simpson’s Reciprocal Diversity Index (1/D) indicates this
Higher biodiversity
A sea star is an example of this taxon
Echinoderm
This phytoplankton generates 20% of atmospheric oxygen
Diatoms
Reproductive success is indicated by this term
Fitness
This evolutionary mechanism homogenizes different gene pools and can prevent speciation
Gene flow
This species concept is defined as the smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor
Phylogenetic species concept
Colonization is an example of this kind of speciation
Peripatric Speciation
The streamlined body of a dolphin and a shark is an example of this
Convergent evolution or analogous structures
This incorporates all the land that drains into a river or a stream
Watershed
This is the transition zone between terrestrial and marine environments
Intertidal zone
This ecosystem covers 60-75% of tropical coastlines
Mangrove forests
This stream habitat is defined by shallow and turbulent waters
Riffle
This lake zone is defined by penetrating light
Euphotic, or limnetic
These organisms are reliant on currents for dispersal
Plankton
These organisms live on the air/water interface
Pleustic, like man-o-war
An anemone is an example of this group
Cnidarians
This invertebrate phylum is found solely in marine ecosystems
Echinoderms or tunicates
Communities that consist of species with similar relative abundances are higher in this
Species evenness
This term indicates species that live fast and die young
r-species
These are the outside influences that affect life history
Extrinsic factors
Increasing the number of offspring per breeding season results in this
Less parental care, or lower survival probability per offspring
This type of shark incubation often results in the first shark pup to hatch eating the remaining eggs while still inside of the mother
Ovoviviparity
Fish that spend most of their life at sea but breed in freshwater are termed
Anadromous
Blubber is an adaptation to this
Cold temperatures
This is the movement of water across a membrane
Osmosis
This type of circulation occurs at the gills to increase oxygen diffusion into the bloodstream
Countercurrent circulation
Freshwater taxa cannot survive in marine systems because they are adapted to be this
Hyperosmotic (bodies contain more solute than surrounding water)
Marine taxa cannot survive in freshwater systems because they are adapted to be this
Hypoosmotic (bodies have a lower solute concentration that the surrounding water)
Aquatic plants have adapted to use this form of carbon in photosynthesis
Bicarbonate or carbonate ions
This taxa is included in the infraorder cetacean
Mysticeti/Archaeoceti/Odontoceti, or whales/dolphins/porpoises
This structure defines mysticete whales
Baleens
The earliest cetaceans are found in these modern day regions
India/Pakistan, the Himalayas
This is the first cetacean capable of swimming
Ambulocetidae
This organ assists odontocetes in echolocation
Melon
This is the term given to large aquatic plants
Macrophytes
This water movement results from forces exerted by the moon and the sea
Tides
This oceanic zone is where the oxygen minimum layer occurs
Mesopelagic
These animals only spend part of their life as plankton
Meroplankton
The idea that recurring processes or attributes connect different ecosystems
Ecosystem linkage
