Jembatan Besi vs. Northwood, Irvine - Contrasting Social Inequality Flashcards
Outline the social inequality in Indonesia.
- Wealthiest 10% have 30% household income
- Poorest 10% have 3% household income
Outline the living conditions of the population of Jakarta.
- 25% in slum settlements
- More live in slum-like settlements
What is and where is Jembatan Besi in regards to Jakarta?
- Slum settlement
- 4km NW Jakarta centre
Outline Jembatan Besi as a settlement.
- Population: 4000
- One of densest districts
- Organic
- Generations and economic migrants that are there for few months
Why do slums like Jembatan Besi exist and grow?
- Demand for affordable housing exceeds supply
- Lack of resources to build or afford housing
What is the average income of residents of Jakarta?
- US$4/day
- Not regular income - casual labour
What kinds of employment are common in Jakarta, give an example of each?
- Casual labour - construction
- Self employment - selling second-hand goods from dumps
What are the more formal employment areas in Jakarta?
- Garment manufacturing
Which social factor is a major concern in Jakarta?
- Health
What threats exist to residents’ health?
- No clean running water/groundwater contaminated by waste
- Water-borne diseases eg cholera
- Malaria
- Dehydration, diarrhoea
- Air pollution
- Poor nutrition
How is education impacted in Jakarta?
- Poorly equipped schools
- Too costly/children needed to work
Describe the housing conditions in Jakarta.
- Timber and brick ground floor
- Additional stories added
- Scrap wood, metal
- Constant fire risk
Why is there a constant fire risk in Jakarta settlements?
- Close confines
- Kerosene
- Improvised electrical wiring
How are authorities attempting to deal with the slums around Jakarta?
- Make inroads to worst areas
- Identifying “Community units” for improvement
What are the issues with attempting to clear slums?
- People relocate to other slums
- Increasing overcrowding
Where is Northwood located?
- Community in northern part of Irvine
- Orange County, California
What is Irvine’s statement or goal?
- “Create and maintain a community where people can live, work and play in an environment that is safe, vibrant, and aesthetically pleasing”
Outline the history of Irvine.
- Classic edge city
- Fully planned city
- Started in 1960s
How does Northwood fit within Irvine?
- One of a series of ‘villages’
What is the population of Northwood and how many households live there?
- 22,000 people
- 8,200 households
What is the median income in Northwood compared to the national median?
- Northwood: US$ 86,500
- National: US$ 52,300
Name three major employers near Northwood.
- University of California
- Blizzard entertainment
- Broadcom
Name two TNCs with their headquarters in Irvine.
- Kia
- Mazda
Give three other areas of employment in Irvine.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Aerospace firms
- Star-ups
How significant is education in Irvine?
- 5 high schools
- Some of best in US
- University
How educated is the population of Irvine?
- 70% residents over 20 years old have first degree
- 20% have masters or phd
What is the crime like in Irvine?
- Crime rate 70% lower than average
- Violent crime: 50 incidents per 100,000 people
- Irvine 96% safer than other Californian cities
Outline the racial composition of Irvine.
- 50% White
- 2nd largest group - Asian
How is the housing in Irvine characterised?
- Single family houses on large ‘lots’
What proportion of householders are owner occupiers in Irvine? What is the average household size?
- 90%
- 2.8 people per house
What is key to Irvine’s success in the future?
- High quality housing/infrastructure/education/facilities
- Ideal climate
- Access to beaches
