JBL Fire Officer Chapter 6 Flashcards by Tobin Johnson

Fire officer’s role in community risk reduction activities

Identifying and correcting fire safety hazards through safety checks or code enforcement
Developing and maintaining pre-incident plans
Promoting fire safety through public education

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What is the goal of fire protection?

To contain the fire within a building or area

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What method of fire protection is using fire rated floors, protection of vertical openings, fire walls and fire partitions and fire resistive construction?

Compartmentation, which is passive

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An automatic fire sprinkler system is what type of fire protection method? Due to the fact there has to be some action or motion in order to work effectively in the event of a fire.

Active

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5 most common issues discovered during a preincident plan or code enforcement?

Blocked access to fire department system connections
Improper storage in the fire pump and riser rooms
Items hanging from fire sprinklers and piping
Not enough clearance to allow a fire sprinkler to fully operate
Incorrect fire sprinkler coverage if the occupancy or contents have changed (only one that can’t be immediately corrected)

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Which NFPA has to do with Pre-incident planning?

1620

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What is a high value property?

One that contains equipment, materials, or items with a high replacement value

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What is a high risk property?

One that has the potential to produce a catastrophic property or life loss in the event of a fire

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A __ is meant to identify in advance the strategies and tactics and actions that should be considered if a predictable situation occurs and to make the fire fighters familiar with the building

pre incident plan

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What are NFPA 1620’s six considerations when completing a preincident plan?

Identify physical elements and site considerations
Identify occupancy considerations
Identify water supply and fire protection systems
Identify special considerations
Identify emergency operation considerations
Document findings

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First step in a preincident plan is to?

Evaluate physical elements and site considerations

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A __ provides a representation of the exterior of a structure, identifying site access, doors, utilities access, and any special considerations or hazards

Plot plan

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What are interior views of a building?

Floor plans

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What should be highlighted in a pre incident plan?

Any factor that might affect the ability of responding fire fighters to enter and effectively perform interior operations

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Step 2 of the pre incident plan?

Identify occupancy considerations

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Which step of the pre incident plan has to do with water supply?

Step 3

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How is the required water flow determined?

By evaluating the size of the building or buildings, their contents, construction type, occupancy, exposures, fire protection systems, and any other features that could affect the amount of water needed to control the fire

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Step 4 of the pre incident plan is?

Special considerations, special hazards

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Which step of the pre incident plan should have instructions for de-energizing electrical systems and isolating and securing mechanical systems?

Step 4

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What are some special hazards for the pre incident plan to document?

Flammable or combustible liquids, explosives, toxic or biological agents, radioactive materials, and reactive chemicals or materials

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The USFA recommends 4 actions to reduce arson in vacant and abandoned buildings, what are they?

Monitor
Secure
Inspect
Mark

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The National Association of EMS Physicians’ definition of a mass gathering event is what?

When there are 1000 or more participants

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Four problems a mass gathering events pose for fire departments

Produce a workload strain on existing emergency services
Present a “soft” target for a terror incident
Provide potential for high numbers of casualties due to a natural or man made situation
Difficult to quickly access all areas

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List of incidents a fire department preplan should consider

Hoaxes and threats
Minor medical injuries
Vehicle and pedestrian movement problems
Fire code violations
Weather related problems
Public health concerns
Demonstrators
Natural disasters
"Lone wolf" bombings
Attacks on vital infrastructure
Terrorist Attack

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Step 5 of Pre incident planning is what?

Identify emergency operation considerations

Fuel load is?

The total quantity of all combustible products found within a room or space

Four stages of fire?

Incipient, Growth, Fully Developed, Decay

Incipient stage is when?

Starting point of a fire, usually involves only the object of origin

Last step of a Pre Incident plan is?

Document findings

The pre incident plan should identify anticipated__

Areas of fire spread

The goal of pre incident planning is to_

Develop a written plan that would be valuable to both the owner of the building and the fire department if an incident occurs at that location

A plot plan shows?

The relationship of the building to other buildings, streets, hydrants, utility controls and other features

What does a fire code establish?

Legally enforceable regulations that relate specifically to fire and life safety

What are mini/max codes?

Codes adopted by individual states which mean local jurisdictions do not have the option of adopting more restrictive regulations

When a fire code requirement is adopted or amended in reaction to fire disasters it is known as what?

Catastrophic theory of reform

What is a Building code vs fire code?

Building code are regulations for construction of a new building or major renovations Fire Code applies to existing buildings and situations that involve a potential fire risk or hazard

7 Organizations the state fire marshal may work in?

``` Dept of Insurance Dept of Public Safety Separate government department Regulatory agency State Police Cabinet level office State Fire Commission ```

At the local level how are fire and safety codes enacted?

An ordinance, a law enacted by an authorized subdivision of a state

What are documents developed by a standards developing organization, such as NFPA and made available for adoption by AHJs?

Model Codes

NFPA 101 is what?

Life Safety Code, a model code

What does a complete set of model codes consist of?

building code, electrical code, plumbing code, mechanical code, fire code

Adoption by reference is when?

the jurisidiction passes an ordinance that adopts a specific edition of the model code

Adoption by transcription is when?

the jurisdiction adopts the entire text of the model code and publishes it as part of the adopting ordinance

How often does the model code process update?

Every 3 to 5 years

How long do regulations remain in effect?

As long as it is occupied for the same purpose

If a building is remodeled or extensively renovated does the owner have to comply with the original fire code or the current one?

Current one

What is the second reason a fire company is to perform inspections?

to check the status of the built-in fire protection features

NFPA found what percent of sprinklers were found to have worked effectively in a fire large enough to activate them?

What are the three primary components of water based fire protection systems?

Automatic Sprinkler systems, standpipe systems and fire pumps

Four types of automatic sprinkler systems?

Wet pipe, dry pipe, deluge or reaction

Where are deluge systems found?

Ordnance plants, aircraft hangers and occupancies with flammable liquid hazards

Which type of system is designed to reduce the risk of water damage due to accidental sprinkler discharge or broken pipe?

Preaction

Which type of sprinkler system is filled with nitrogen or compressed air?

Dry Pipe

Class I standpipe is what?

a 2 1/2 inch male coupling intended for use by a fire department

Class II standpipe is what?

a 1 1/2 inch hose coupling with a reconnected hose and nozzle, intended for occupant use

Class III standpipe is what?

Both 1 1/2 inch and 2 1/2 inch connections, 1 1/2 may have a hose for occupants to use

What does a fire pump do?

increases the water pressure in standpipe and automatic sprinkler systems

What are 4 types of special extinguishing systems that may be used?

CO2, Dry or wet chemical, Halon/clean agent, or foam

How does a CO2 system extinguish a fire?

By displacing oxygen

What kind of extinguishing system would be found protecting commercial cooking devices or industrial processes?

Dry or wet chemical

Which system wet or dry are preferred for cooking equipment?

Wet, dry leaves a residue that is hard to clean up

Which system has a pre-alert warning for occupants to leave the room?

Halon

What are the two different foam systems and where would each be found?

Low-expansion, hazards with flammable or combustible liquids such as gas storage tanks High expansion, areas where the goal is to fill a large space with foam