Jax Handbook - Chap 7 Animal Health: Preventing, Identifying, and Eradicating Microbial Contamination

Question 1

Name two important consequences of microbial contamination.

Answer 1

Development of clinical disease; Physical/Physiological changes that confound research results

Question 2

Most facilities agree that which of the following organisms should be excluded:

a. Helicobacter spp.
b. Pinworms
c. Mouse adenovirus
d. Pneumocystis murina

Answer 2

c. Mouse adenovirus

Question 3

True or False: Although elimination of all microorganisms is desired, cost and resources may prohibit implementation

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Which of the following is not an element of an animal health program

a. exclusion list
b. inclusion list
c. preventive measures
d. eradication procedures

Answer 4

b. inclusion list

Question 5

In the case of an outbreak, it is essential for…

a. suppliers to notify institutions to whom they distribute
b. researchers to disclose the outbreak to publishers
c. facilities to potentially restrict movement of animals
d. veterinarians to wear additional PPE

Answer 5

a. suppliers to notify institutions to whom they distribute
c. facilities to potentially restrict movement of animals

Question 6

Which of the following is a good reason to include a microorganism on your exclusion list?

a. Most facilities have this microorganism on their exclusion list
b. The test for this microorganism is inexpensive
c. There is zoonotic potential
d. It causes opportunistic infections

Answer 6

c. There is zoonotic potential

Question 7

True or False: The same microorganisms should be excluded from all facilities within an institution

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True or False: You should be prepared to implement appropriate measures to eradicate a microorganism if it is included on your exclusion list.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What are six important aspects to maintaining a physical barrier facility?

Answer 9

1. Define procedures for entering
2. Develop procedures for animal work
3. Document procedures and requirements
4. Distribute procedures and requirements
5. Train personnel
6. Make documentation regarding proper procedures readily available

Question 10

Traffic routes for equipment and supplies are important to…..

a. Prevent collisions between personnel
b. Avoid contact between clean and dirty materials
c. Help people find their way around the facility
d. Monitor inventory

Answer 10

b. Avoid contact between clean and dirty materials

Question 11

What are three methods of introducing mice into your facility?

Answer 11

1. Rederivation
2. Quarantine
3. Move directly into colony

Question 12

An advantage regarding the use of colony animals for monitoring disease is….

a. They are less expensive to obtain
b. They have the same susceptibility as research animals
c. They will always have a serological response to pathogens
d. They are free from most pathogens

Answer 12

b. They have the same susceptibility as research animals

Question 13

What are two types of sentinel mice?

Answer 13

Dirty bedding sentinels

Cage contact sentinels

Question 14

All of the following are disadvantage of dirty bedding sentinels, EXCEPT….

a. Reduced serological response to antigens
b. Poor transmission of aerosolized organisms
c. Slow spread of some microorganisms to sentinels
d. Sentinels may be the source of pathogens

Answer 14

a. Reduced serological response to antigens

Question 15

True or False: False positives are more common with IFA than ELISA.

Answer 15

False

False positives are more common with ELISA, but can occur with both techniques

Question 16

True or False: Microbiologic culture detects most bacteria.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False: PCR does not yield false positive results

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What would a technician notice in a mouse that might indicate the presence of infectious disease?

Answer 18

Poor haircoat

Emaciation

High neonatal mortality

Runted weanlings

Question 19

When a positive ELISA result is found, the best strategy is to:

a. Immediately implement eradication strategies
b. Retest with 10 more mice
c. Retest using an IFA test
d. Determine the prevalence in the colony

Answer 19

c. Retest using an IFA test

Question 20

The use of burnout is a good strategy when:

a. The mice are immunodeficient or immunocompromised
b. An agent spreads slowly through a populations
c. Maintaining a breeding colony
d. The agent elicits a lifelong immunity

Answer 20

d. The agent elicits a lifelong immunity

Question 21

What is the best insurance against loss of valuable strains?

Answer 21

Cryopreservation