IUGR

Question 1

What is the term used for a neonate with a birth weight less than the 10th percentile?

Answer 1

SGA

Question 2

LBW is considered what weight?

Answer 2

5 lbs 8oz or 2500g

Question 3

What type of women have an increased risk of have a baby with IUGR?

Answer 3

1. Previous birth with IUGR
2. Hypertension

Question 4

What is the perinatal period?

Answer 4

Onset of fetal viability (24 weeks) to 28 days after delivery

Question 5

What has been found to cause the majority of “unexplained” stillbirths?

Answer 5

FGR

Question 6

T or F? IUGR is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity

Answer 6

False: It is the SECOND leading cause behind preterm birth

Question 7

Perinatal pathology associated with IUGR

Answer 7

1. Polycythemia
2. Hypothermia
3. Hypoglycemia
4. Hypocalcemia
5. Meconium Aspiration

Question 8

Increased risk of cerebral palsy is seen in children with?

Answer 8

IUGR as a baby

Question 9

What is associated with the most severe growth deficits in the fetus?

Answer 9

Preeclampsia AKA toxemia

Question 10

What are the three groups of risk factors of IUGR?

Answer 10

1. Maternal - medical conditions that effect blood circulation
2. Fetal - all 3 trisomies
3. Placental - insufficiency

Question 11

What type of IUGR is known as “head sparing phenomenon”?

Answer 11

Asymmetric - HC is larger than the AC

Question 12

Type of IUGR where all biometric measurements are proportionally reduced?

Answer 12

Symmetric - least common

Question 13

In what trimester does asymmetric IUGR begin?

Answer 13

Third

Question 14

What are the markers for IUGR or LBW?

Answer 14

Increased AFP
Decreased PAPP-A

Question 15

Sonographic findings in IUGR (3)?

Answer 15

1. Echogenic bowel in 2nd trimester
2. Grade 3 placenta
3. Decreased cerebellar measurement

Question 16

A patient comes in for a follow up ultrasound for anatomy NWS on a detailed assessment 12 days ago. Should you perform the full biometric assessment for growth?

Answer 16

No, because biometry should only be performed 14 or more days apart

Question 17

What is a NST also known as?

Answer 17

Cardiotocography

Question 18

What is an abnormal NST?

Answer 18

When there is a lack of two or more accelerations within 40 minutes

Question 19

What does NST measure?

Answer 19

FHR and fetal movement

Question 20

What does BPP stand for?

Answer 20

Biophysical profile

Question 21

What does a BPP entail?

Answer 21

1. NST
2. fetal movements
3. fetal tone
4. fetal breathing
5. AFV

Question 22

What BPP score indicates need for further testing?

Answer 22

4 or less

Question 23

Does the MCA have a high or low RI?

Answer 23

High RI

Question 24

Does uterine artery doppler have a high or low RI?

Answer 24

Low RI

Question 25

In a normal pregnancy, does the RI of the UTA increase or decrease with increasing GA?

Answer 25

Decreases

Question 26

Are normal ductus venosus waveforms biphasic, monophasic, or triphasic?

Answer 26

Biphasic

Question 27

Abnormal DV waveforms have absent, decreased, or reversed flow in the?

Answer 27

A-wave

Question 28

Normal umbilical vein doppler shows what kind of flow?

Answer 28

Linear forward flow

Question 29

In what trimester does symmetric vs asymmetric IUGR appear?

Answer 29

Symmetric: 1st and 2nd Asymmetric: 3rd

Question 30

What serum analysis markers are suspected for LBW?

Answer 30

Low PAPP-A Increased AFP