Fetal Spine Flashcards
When do the ossification centers in the fetal spine become apparent?
16 weeks
Two posterior ossification centers lie in the what?
Laminae
Anterior ossification center lies in the what?
Vertebral body
In what level of the spine are there wider ossifications?
Sacrum
In what plane creates the classic spinal image?
Sagittal
Parallel lines of the spine represent what three things?
- 2 ossification centres
- Vertebral body
- Posterior arch
At what level can the conus medullaris be seen?
2nd and 3rd lumbar
Determination of spine normalcy:
- Intact dorsal skin
- Intact neural canal
- Normal shape and location of ossification centres
Imaging of what structure indicates normalcy of spine development?
Conus Medullaris
When is the neural tube formed?
Third week
What level of the spine encompasses ventral NTD’s?
Lower cervical and upper thoracic
Spina bifida covered by skin?
Occulta
What findings may be visually seen in closed NTD?
Small tuft of hair
Three factors causing NTD’s?
Nutritional
Environmental
Genetic
Diabetes mellitus, obesity, folate deficiency
T or F? NTD’s are more common in females
TRUE
What kind of twins have a high concordance rate with NTD’s?
MZ
What abnormality shows splaying of ossification centres in a TRV view of the spine?
Spina bifida
The normal appearance of what two brain structures can exclude a myelomeningocele?
Cerebellum
CM
What two sonographic appearances in the first trimester has been associated with caudal regression syndrome?
Short CRL
Abnormal yolk sac
Where might teratomas develop?
Gonads
Umbilical Cord
Placenta
Sacroccocygeal
Fetuses with sacrococcygeal teratoma are at risk for developing what two things?
CHF
Hydrops
What factor increases the risk of caudal regression syndrome 250x?
Maternal diabetes
