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Non sense > ITLS Pre Test > Flashcards

ITLS Pre Test Flashcards

1
Q

In a rear-impact motor vehicle crash, which area of the spine is most susceptible to injury?

A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral-coccygeal

A

Cervical

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2
Q

Prolonged scene times may reflect?

A. Ineffective team collaboration
B. A decrease in death rates
C. Better care being delivered
D. Accomplishment of interventions

A

Ineffective team collaboration

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3
Q

Which of the following indicates a state of hyperventilation?

A. An end tidal carbon dioxide level less than 30 mmHg
B. An adult respiratory rate greater than 20 per minute
C. A tidal volume of less than 400ml
D. An oxygen saturation greater that 94%

A

An end tidal carbon dioxide level less than 30 mmHg

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4
Q

A 54 year old male is involved in a motor vehicle collision. The steering wheel is bent. During your initial assessment, you note his skin is pale, radial pulses are present and breath sounds are clear. Which one of the following is most consistent with these findings?

A. Cardiac contusion
B. Traumatic aortic rupture
C. Flail chest
D. Tension pneumothorax

A

Cardiac contusion

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5
Q

Which of the following is considered one of four essential components to maintain normal perfusion?

A

Fluid levels
Serum lactate levels
ETCO2 levels
SaO2 levels

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6
Q

As intracerebral pressure rises after an isolated head injury, what does the systolic blood pressure do?

A. Increases
B. Stays the same
C. Decreases
D. Changes randomly

A

Increases

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7
Q

Which of the following mechanisms of injury does not commonly cause damage to the spinal cord?

A. Lateral stress
B. Compression
C. Hyperextension
D. Hyperflexion

A

Lateral stress

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8
Q

A 4 year old female is unconscious after falling off a bicycle. Which of the following is the best method to open the airway?

A. Modified jaw-thrust
B. Head tilt
C. Neck flexion
D. Neck lift

A

Modified jaw-thrust

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9
Q

When performing the ITLS primary survey, the team leader may minimize errors by?

A. Delegating interventions
B. Limiting crew roles
C. Performing all interventions
D. Permitting crew to continue the assessment

A

Delegating interventions

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10
Q

You have placed a NPA in your patient and now observe mild hemorrhage from the nares. You should?

A. Leave the NPA in place so as not to disturb the clot or reactivate bleeding
B. Immediately remove the NPA and pack the nose with gauze
C. Immediately remove the NPA and reinsert on the opposite nare
D. Contact medical control as NPA’s will not cause hemorrhage

A

Leave the NPA in place so as not to disturb the clot or reactivate bleeding

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11
Q

A 27 year old male with blunt chest trauma from a motor vehicle collision was successfully intubated at the scene. While ventilating the patient, you note resistance with an absence of right chest wall movement. You should suspect a?

A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Flail chest
C. Gastric distention
D. Mucus obstruction

A

Tension pneumothorax

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12
Q

Which of the following assessment findings is associated with neurogenic shock?

A. Decreased pulse, normal skin and temperature
B. Increased pulse, cool clammy skin
C. Increased pulse, normal skin color and temperature
D. Decreased pulse, cool clammy skin

A

Decreased pulse, normal skin and temperature

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13
Q

Which of the following sets of vital signs is most compatible with a diagnosis of isolated traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial pressure?

A. BP 170/100; P 50
B. BP 80/60; P 130
C. BP 80/60; P 50
D. BP 170/100; P 130

A

BP 170/100; P 50

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14
Q

Common mechanisms of injury for the pediatric patient include all of the following except?

A. Animal bites
B. Falls
C. Burns
D. Motor vehicle collisions

A

Animal bites

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15
Q

Which of the following injuries would change a trauma patient’s transport classification from “stable” to “load and go”?

A. Pelvic #
B. Clavicle #
C. Bilateral humerus #
D. Bilateral tibia #

A

Pelvic #

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16
Q

Which of the following findings would not make a patient difficult to ventilate with a bag-valve mask?

A. Multiple nose piercings
B. Beard
C. Obesity
D. Elderly patient

A

Multiple nose piercings

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17
Q

An unconscious 18 year old male is involved in a motor vehicle collision. You find him unrestrained behind the bent steering wheel. He is unconscious with cool. pale and clammy skin. Vitals are BP 90/40, P 120 and thready, and R 30 and shallow. Your assessment reveals that he is blue around the lips, has distended neck veins and tracheal deviation to the right. He also has an asymmetrical chest with absent breath sounds on the left. You should suspect?

A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Cardiac tamponade
C. Massive hemothorax
D. Simple pneumothorax

A

Tension pneumothorax

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18
Q

Hemostatic agents applied directly to the source of bleeding must be used in conjunction with?

A. Direct pressure to the wound
B. Tourniquets proximal to the wound
C. Pressure points to arteries proximal to the wound
D. Elevation of the wound above the level of the heart

A

Direct pressure to the wound

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19
Q

Routine use of hyperventilation in the traumatic brain injured (TBI) patient will?

A. Cause vasoconstriction and increased cerebral ischemia
B. Cause vasodilation and decreased intracranial pressure (ICP)
C. Cause an increase of end-tidal CO2
D. Cause peripheral hypoxia and cyanosis

A

Cause vasoconstriction and increased cerebral ischemia

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20
Q

Which finding requires interruption of the ITLS primary survey?

A. Complete airway obstruction
B. Gasping respirations
C. Impaled object in abdomen
D. Very weak pulse

A

Complete airway obstruction

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21
Q

Bag-valve-mask ventilation

A. May exceed 60cm H2O pressure in the airway
B. Rarely causes gastric distention due to low airway pressures
C. Is more effective in patients with dentures removed
D. Is easily accomplished by one rescuer at the head

A

May exceed 60cm H2O pressure in the airway

22
Q

Which of the following is true regarding pulmonary contusions?

A. Caused by hemorrhage into the lung parenchyma
B. Uncommon in cheat trauma
C. Only caused by blunt forced trauma
D. Rapidly develops after injury

A

Caused by hemorrhage into the lung parenchyma

23
Q

A 23 year old female fell from a second-floor balcony. Upon arrival, you find her lying in the grass. She responds to verbal commands and your assessment reveals flat neck veins, and normal chest, abdomen and pelvis examinations. Her skin is cool, clammy and ashen; respirations are rapid and shallow; radial pulses are too rapid to count and thready. You place her on the heart monitor and it shows a wide-complex tachycardia of about 280 per minute. You should suspect?

A. Cardiogenic shock
B. Hypovolemic shock
C. Relative hypovolemic shock
D. Mechanical (Obstructive) shock

A

Cardiogenic shock

24
Q

In the absence of herniation syndrome, adult patients with suspected traumatic brain injury should be ventilated at a rate of?

A. 8-10 per minute
B. 12-14 per minute
C. 16-18 per minute
D. 20-22 per minute

A

8-10 per minute

25
Q

What is the most likely cause of unequal pupils in an altered mental status patient with a head injury?

A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Pre-existing condition
C. Alcohol intoxication
D. Hypotension

A

Increased intracranial pressure

26
Q

A 57 year old male has a respiratory rate of 36. ETCO2 of 30mmHg, and an oxygen saturation of 80%. You should?

A. Provide supplemental oxygen
B. Coach the patient to slow his breathing as his ETCO2 level indicates hyperventilation
C. Ventilate with a BVM at a higher rate to increase the patient’s oxygen levels
D. Ventilate with a BVM at a rate of 6 to increase the patient’s ETCO2 level

A

Provide supplemental oxygen

27
Q

A 31 year old male presents with difficulty breathing, rapid and weak pulse, and flat neck veins. His trachea is midline and he has decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion upon assessment of the left side of the chest. You should suspect?

A. Massive hemothorax
B. Flail chest
C. Tension pneumothorax
D. Cardiac tamponade

A

Massive hemothorax

28
Q

A 45 year old female is found unconscious at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. Her vital signs are BP 80/40, P 130, and R 30. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her vital signs?

A. Bleeding into the chest or abdomen
B. # lower legs
C. Intracranial hemorrhage
D. Spinal cord injury with neurogenic shock

A

Bleeding into the chest or abdomen

29
Q

The cause of a secondary brain injury is?

A. Hypoxia
B. Hemorrhage
C. Coup
D. Contra-coup

A

Hypoxia

30
Q

Which one of the following is a reason to interrupt the initial assessment?

A. Cardiac Arrest
B. Multiple open (compound) #
C. Severe head injury with brain tissue visible
D. Severe shock

A

Cardiac Arrest

31
Q

Which of the following is not a desired characteristic of a suction device?

A. It can be powered by your portable O2 cylinder so it is not dependant on battery power
B. It can be carried in an airway kit with an oxygen cylinder and other airway equipment
C. It can be hand powered or battery powered
D. It can generate sufficient suction from the oropharynx

A

It can be powered by your portable O2 cylinder so it is not dependant on battery power

32
Q

What is the most serious early complication of burns from electrical contact?

A. Cardiac dysrhythmia
B. Cervical spine injury
C. Hypovolemic shock
D. Renal failure

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia

33
Q

Which of the following injury changes is most useful to monitor in the child with head injury?

A. Level of consciousness
B. Reflexes
C. Sensory exam
D. Frequency of vomiting

A

Level of consciousness

34
Q

A disoriented 23 year old male is injured in a motorcycle collision. The patient appears to be intoxicated and does not want medical attention despite a large laceration on his scalp, which is actively bleeding. You should?

A. Treat him as a head injured patient
B. Have the patient call a friend or family member and have them drive him home and sleep it off
C. Discuss the impact of alcohol abuse with him
D. Wait until the patient loses consciousness and then transport

A

Treat him as a head injured patient

35
Q

An unrestrained 17 year old female driver rear-ends a cement truck at a high rate of speed. She is unconscious, pale, cool and clammy, has fast, labored respirations and fast, thready radial pulses. Her neck veins are flat, trachea midline, chest motion is asymmetrical, and absent breath sounds on the left. You should suspect?

A. Massive hemothorax
B. Cardiac tamponade
C. Tension pneumothorax
D. Simple pneumothorax

A

Massive hemothorax

36
Q

Which of the following is true regarding trauma in the elderly?

A. Fatal outcomes are more likely in the elderly than in the young
B. Elderly patients are less likely to bleed internally than younger patients
C. Elderly patients have better outcomes following burns than younger patients
D. Motor vehicle collisions are an uncommon mechanism of injury

A

Fatal outcomes are more likely in the elderly than in the young

37
Q

Which of the following organs will suffer the least structural damage from a gunshot would from a rifle?

A. Lung
B. Spleen
C. Kidney
D. Liver

A

Lung

38
Q

Which of the following should always be performed prior to transportation?

A. Control major external bleeding
B. Splint all #’s
C. Perform the ITLS secondary survey
D. Assess vital signs

A

Control major external bleeding

39
Q

Which of the following distinguishes a tension pneumothorax from a simple pneumothorax?

A. Shock
B. Tachycardia
C. Dyspnea
D. Anxiety

A

Shock

40
Q

A 25 year old female was stabbed in the left arm. She presents with an altered mental status and signs of shock. Bleeding is uncontrolled with direct pressure. You should?

A. Apply a tourniquet proximal to the injury
B. Apply a tourniquet directly over the wound
C. Apply a pressure point
D. Elevate the extremity above the level of the heart

A

Apply a tourniquet proximal to the injury

41
Q

An unresponsive 36 year old female was involved in a motorcycle crash. Vital signs are BP 170/100, P 50, R 8 and GCS 3.You should suspect?

A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Hypovolemia
C. Pain and anxiety
D. Spinal cord injury

A

Increased intracranial pressure

42
Q

A 42 year old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following assessment findings should be managed first?

A. External arterial bleeding
B. Airway obstruction
C. Hypotension
D. Open lower leg #

A

External arterial bleeding

43
Q

A 32 year old male is involved in a motor vehicle crash. The steering wheel is bent. Your assessment reveals present and equal bilateral breath sounds, and a rapid and weak radial pulse that disappears upon inspiration. You should suspect?

A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Cardiac contusion
C. Flail chest
D. Tension pneumothorax

A

Cardiac tamponade

44
Q

If hemorrhage is unable to be controlled with a tourniquet. a second tourniquet should be applied?

A. Just below the first tourniquet???
B. Distal to the injury site
C. Directly over the first tourniquet
D. Directly over the wound

A

Just below the first tourniquet (Should be above the initial tourniquet)

45
Q

A 35 year old male is alert and oriented at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. He is complaining of knee pain and a headache. Your assessment reveals a contusion above the left eye, swelling to the left knee and unequal pupils (left is dilated). Vital signs are: BP116/72, P 88 and R 16. You should suspect?

A. Ocular trauma
B. Alcohol intoxication
C. Cerebral herniation
D. Decreased intracranial pressure

A

Ocular trauma

46
Q

You have a patient with an isolated stab wound to the lateral chest. According to recent studies, which of the following procedures should be avoided?

A. Spinal motion restriction
B. Bag-valve-mask ventilations
C. Application of an occlusive dressing
D. Supplemental oxygen administration

A

Spinal motion restriction

47
Q

What is the most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in the trauma patient?

A. Hypoxemia
B. Brain injury
C. Myocardial contusion
D. Ventricular arrhythmia

A

Hypoxemia

48
Q

A 34 year old female was struck by a vehicle causing blunt force chest trauma. She is unconscious with gasping respirations, almost no air movement, a rapid, thready carotid pulse and flat neck veins. You should?

A. Provide positive pressure ventilation
B. Perform a head tilt
C. Perform chest thrusts
D. Continue the ITLS primary survey

A

Provide positive pressure ventilation

49
Q

Which one of the following is typically associated with post-traumatic hemorrhage early shock?

A. Narrowed pulse pressure
B. Hypotension
C. Loss of 30% to 45% of blood volume
D. Ventricular dysrhythmias

A

Narrowed pulse pressure

50
Q

An unresponsive 52 year old male was struck in the head by the bucket of a crane. Vital signs are BP 134/80, P 88 and R 8 and shallow. The patient should be ventilated at a rate of?

A. 8-10 per minute
B. 12-14 per minute
C. 18-20 per minute
D. 20-24 per minute

A

8-10 per minute

Non sense (22 decks)

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