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Non sense > HEENT Emergencies > Flashcards

HEENT Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

What is HEENT?

A 
Head
Ears
Eyes
Nose
Throat
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2
Q

What are some sort of pathologies?

A 
Stroke
Bell's Palsy
Trauma
Neuralgia
Infections
Allergic Reactions
Burns
Etc.
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3
Q

What does skin color/condition indicate?

A

Something is wrong - Lack of perfusion

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4
Q

Head + face should be?

A

Near symmetrical

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5
Q

Orbital injury?

A

Eye surrounded by a bony structure - can be #

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6
Q

Sinusitis?

A

Inflammation of paranasal sinus - pressure pain, headache

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7
Q

Types of head trauma?

A

Orbital injury

Sinusitis

Penetrating trauma

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8
Q

Vertigo

A

Sensation of spinning that occurs w/ inflammation of semi-circular ear canals - loss of balance

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9
Q

Otis Externa

A

Inflammation of the external canal, caused by allergies, bacteria, virus, or trauma, and is most common in hot and humid areas

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10
Q

Otis Media

A

Inflammation of middle ear, common in children, caused by BACTERIA sneaking up the EUSTACHIAN tube, usually affecting only one ear

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11
Q

Ears

A

Difficulty hearing may be an acute problem, not just for elderly
-Concussion blasts, hypotension, drugs

Majority balance
-Possible nausea or off balance

Fluid discharge - not normal

Major place for infection in children
-Gently tug earlobe down

Highly vascular - will show swelling/rashes very easily

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12
Q

Corneal Injuries

A

Loss of the corneal tissue (outermost layer), commonly scratching of the eye’s surface

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13
Q

Hyphema

A

Blood may accumulate in the anterior cavity between the cornea and the iris

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14
Q

Detached Retina

A

Separation of the retina from the posterior wall, leads to a “dark curtain” in the field of vision

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15
Q

Eyes assessment

A

Pupils are the big sign here
-Constricted, dilated, unequal

Pupils can tell you neurological problems, trauma, drugs

Eye pain can be indicative of many problems

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16
Q

Avulsed Eye

A

Traumatic expulsion of the eyeball from the orbit

17
Q

Ocular Penetration

A

Foreign object implanted into the eyeball

18
Q

Intraocular Pressure

A

Aqueous humor is produced and filtered in the anterior cavity. Normal pressure helps maintain the eye’s shape

19
Q

Glaucoma

A

If above filters become clogged, pressure builds up, gradually causing a loss of peripheral vision

20
Q

Nose assessment

A

Airway

Bleeds common for elderly w/ blood pressure issues

Nasal flaring
-Indication of increased work of breathing ESPECIALLY IN PEDIATRICS

21
Q

Trismus

A

Lockjaw

Prolonged spasm of jaw, trauma or tetanus infection

22
Q

Avulsed tooth

A

If possible place the tooth in NaCL and bring with patient

23
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Inflammation causes edema and airway obstruction.

Common in 2-6 years old

Rapid onset

Drooling

24
Q

Retropharyngeal Abscess

A

Same S&S as epiglottitis but w/ gradual onset, common after age 6

25
Q

Peritonsillar Abscess

A

Rapid onset

Same S&S as Epiglottitis

After age 9

26
Q

Tracheostomies

A

Surgical opening into the trachea, often requires frequent suctioning

27
Q

Throat assessment

A 
Open/clear
Dry/moist?
Odour
Tooth condition
Swelling
Smile (CSS)
TMJ (Temporal Mandibular Joint) mobility
28
Q

Neck assessment

A 
Midline TIC/rigidity
JVD (especially in head injury or pneumos)
Swelling
Discoloration
Auscultation
29
Q

Tx

A

Simply symptomatic and often reassuring the patient is all that is needed

Avulsed eyeballs should be covered in moist, sterile dressings and transported immediately

30
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nose bleed

Fairly common emergency in senior population

Tx includes pinching the nose, sitting w/ head forward, and avoiding swallowing blood

31
Q

Impaled objects

A

Stabilized in place and covered

Paper or styrofoam cups work well

32
Q

Lenses?

A

Remove prior to Tx if easily removed or not adhering to the eye

33
Q

ACP can consider what Tx?

A

Tetracaine 1-3 drops per eye

Repeat once in 30 min

Non sense (22 decks)

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