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2ND_SEM > itec102 > Flashcards

itec102 Flashcards

1
Q

deals with an integration approaches and techniques that connect different components of IT infrastructure-people, applications, platforms and databases to enable a secure, intra and inter application collaboration.

A

Integrative programming

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2
Q

enable an organization to integrate business processes internally and externally with business partners to create dynamic environments that supports current and evolving business requirements, thereby creating a global organization.

A

Integrative solutions

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3
Q

the process of connecting multiple, independently developed applications using incompatible technologies into a single organization wide system with information flowing seamlessly among the integrated systems or components.

A

Integration

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4
Q

the process of combining separate applications into cooperating collections of application.

A

integration

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5
Q

is the communication between a set of heterogeneous systems that are integrated together.

A

Inter-system communication

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6
Q

Given two or more systems, subsystems or components, each of which function properly (satisfying their requirement within their environment).

A

System integration

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7
Q

A software system can be developed and delivered using available technologies and with less functionality than it is intended to finally provide.

A

Incremental engineering

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8
Q

allows the integration of new software through the existing presentations of the legacy software. This is typically used to create a new user interface but may be used to integrate with other applications.

A

Presentation integration model

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9
Q

allows the integration of software through access to the data that is created, managed and stored by the software typically for the purposes of reusing or synchronizing data across applications.

A

Data integration model

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10
Q

allows the integration of software for the purpose of invoking existing functionality from other new or existing applications. The integration is done through interfaces to the software.

A

Functional integration model

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11
Q

An array of components designed to accomplish a particular objective according to plan.

A

System

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12
Q

way of understanding an entity in terms of its purpose, as three steps

A

System thinking

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13
Q

combination of inter-related elements to achieve a common objective (s).

A

System integration

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14
Q

defines its high-level structure, exposing its gross organization as a collection of interacting components.

A

System Architecture

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15
Q

a system developer and architects cannot do anything without first establishing various projects. These projects may be new or existing.

A

Project

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16
Q

is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique product of service.

A

Project

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17
Q

New or changed IS development projects come from ________, _____________, and _________ and are always subject to one or more constraints.

A

New or changed IS development projects come from problems, opportunities, and directives and are always subject to one or more constraints.

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18
Q

may either be current, suspected, or anticipated. Problems are undesirable situations that prevent the business from fully achieving its purpose, goals, and objectives (users discovering real problems with existing IS).

A

Problems

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19
Q

is a chance to improve the business even in the absence of specific problems. This means that the business is hoping to create a system that will help it with increasing its revenue, profit, or services, or decreasing its costs.

A

Opportunity

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20
Q

is a new requirement that is imposed by management, government, or some external influence i.e. are mandates that come from either an internal or external source of the business.

A

Directive

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21
Q

Project managers need to take a holistic or systems view of a project and understand how it is situated within the larger organization.

A
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22
Q

the people involved in or affected by project activities.

A

Stakeholders

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23
Q

Project managers must take time to identify,understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders.

A

Project managers must take time to identify,understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders.

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24
Q

Senior executives are very important stakeholders. ( true / false )

A

true

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25
Q

Focuses on roles and responsibilities, coordination and control. Organizational charts help define this frame.

A

Structural frame

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26
Q

Focuses on providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people.

A

Human resources frame

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27
Q

Assumes organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. Conflict and power are key issues.

A

Political frame

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28
Q

Focuses on symbols and meanings related to events.
Culture is important.

A

Symbolic frame

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29
Q

The structure helps define the roles and responsibilities of the members of the department, work group, or organization. ( true/ false )

A

true

30
Q

People who do similar tasks, have similar skills and/or jobs in an organization are grouped into a functional structure. The advantages of this kind of structure include quick decision making because the group members are able to communicate easily with each other.

A

Functional Structure

31
Q

In a divisional structure, the company will coordinate inter group relationships to create a work team that can readily meet the needs of a certain customer or group of customers The division of labor in this kind of structure will ensure greater output of vaneties of semilar products.

A

Divisional structure

32
Q

Matrix structures are more complex in that they group people in two different ways: by the function they perform and by the product team they are working with.

A

Matrix Structure

33
Q

In a project-organizational structure, the teams are put together based on the number of members needed to produce the product or complete the project.

A

Project organization structure

34
Q

is a collection of project phases Project phases vary by project or industry, but some general phases include: concept, development, implementation, support

A

Project life cycles

35
Q

is a framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems

A

Project life cycle

36
Q

The scope of the project can be clearly articulated and the schedule and cost can be predicted.

A

Predictive models

37
Q

Projects are mission driven and component based, using time-based cycles to meet target dates.

A

Predictive

38
Q

has well-defined, linear stages of system development and support.

A

Waterfall model

39
Q
A
40
Q

shows that software is developed using an iterative or spiral approach rather than a linear approach.

A

Spiral model

41
Q

Provides for progressive development of operational software.

A

Incremental release model

42
Q

is used for developing prototypes to clarify user requirements.

A

Prototyping model

43
Q

is used to produce systems quickly without sacrificing quality.

A

RAD model

44
Q

Developers program in pairs and must write the tests for their own code. XP teams include developers, managers, and users.

A

Extreme Programming

45
Q

Repetitions of iterative development are referred to as sprints, which normally last thirty days. Teams often meet every day for a short meeting, called a scrum, to decide what to accomplish that day.

A

Scrum

46
Q

Works best for object-oriented technology projects and requires strong leadership to coordinate the work

A

Scrum

47
Q

The _________ _____ _____ applies to all projects, regardless of the _________ being produced

A

The project life cycle applies to all projects, regardless of the products being produced

48
Q

Product life cycle models vary considerably based on the _______ of the product

A

Product life cycle models vary considerably based on the nature of the product

49
Q

Most large IT systems are developed as a series of projects ( true / false )

A

true

50
Q

A _______ should successfully pass through each of the project phases in order to __________ on to the _____

A

A project should successfully pass through each of the project phases in order to continue on to the next

51
Q

The Seven Phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle ( diagram, in-order )

A
  1. Identifying problems, opportunities, and objectives
  2. determining information requirements
  3. analyzing system needs
  4. designing the recommended system
  5. developing and documenting software
  6. testing and maintaining the system
  7. implementing and evaluating the system
52
Q

A system cannot be analyzed, designed, implemented and evaluated unless the problem is understood and requirements elicited.

A

Requirements

53
Q

fundamental basis of all the system development processes

A

Requirements

54
Q

will always base of the requirements elicited by the system analyst to design an architectural view of the system.

A

System Architects

55
Q

____________ are statements that identify the essential needs of a system in order for it to have value and utility.

A

Requirements

56
Q

The starting point of the ___________ __________ process is an elicitation process that involves a number of people to ensure consideration of a broad scope of potential ideas and candidate problems

A

The starting point of the requirements engineering process is an elicitation process that involves a number of people to ensure consideration of a broad scope of potential ideas and candidate problems

57
Q

In this step there is no ___________ of the requirements, but simple classification and categorization.

A

In this step there is no transformation of the requirements, but simple classification and categorization.

58
Q

This represents a transformation.

A

Analysis phase

59
Q

In this way poorly understood requirements may be tested and perhaps strengthened, corrected, or refined.

A

Prototype phase

60
Q

Requirements is the wants and/or ______of the user within a _______ _______.

A

Requirements is the wants and/or needs of the user within a problem domain.

61
Q

Characteristics or features that must be included to satisfy business requirements

A

System requirements

62
Q

Data/Information collected can be about; people, organization, work and work environment. ( true / false )

A

true

63
Q

is collected can be about; people, organization, work and work environment.

A

Data/information

64
Q

Sampling (of existing documentation, forms, and databases).

A

Fact-finding methods

65
Q

these are statements in Natural language plus diagrams of services the system provides, together with its operational constraints.

A

User requirements

66
Q

these are statements in ________ ___________ plus diagrams of services the system provides, together with its operational constraints.

A

Natural language

67
Q

Describe what the system should do

A

Functional requirement

68
Q

Non-functional requirements consists of Constraints that must be adhered to during development (design and implementation)

A

Non-functional requirements consists of _________ that must be adhered to during development (design and implementation)

69
Q

global constraints on a computer system

A

Non-functional requirements

70
Q

Non-functional requirements may be more critical than _________ __________. If these are not met, the system is useless.

A

Non-functional requirements may be more critical than functional requirements. If these are not met, the system is useless.

71
Q

restrictions on immediate and/or long-term costs.

A

Economic requirements

72
Q

The ___________ of the organization information system depends on constraints related to the technology but also to the organization.

A

The architecture of the organization information system depends on constraints related to the technology but also to the organization.

2ND_SEM (23 decks)

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