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2ND_SEM > dsdsds > Flashcards

dsdsds Flashcards

1
Q

is a collection of data stored in a format that can easily be accessed.

A

Database

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2
Q

is a collection of programs that enables users to access, manipulate, report, and represent data.

A

Database Management System (DBMS)

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3
Q

helps control access to the database.

A

Database Management System (DBMS)

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4
Q

defines the logical design and structure of a database and how data will be stored, accessed, and updated.

A

Database model

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5
Q

organizes data into a tree-like structure with one-to-many relationships.

A

Hierarchical Model

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6
Q

organizes data like a graph, allowing more than one parent node.

A

Network Model

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7
Q

This database model was used to map many-to-many data relationships.

A

Network Model

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8
Q

This was the most widely used database model, before Relational Model was introduced.

A

Network Model

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9
Q

creates relationships by dividing objects of interest into entities and attributes.

A

Entity-relationship Model

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10
Q

This model is good to design a database, which can then be turned into tables in relational model.

A

Entity-relationship Model

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11
Q

is the database model used to store data in two-dimensional tables with a common field.

A

Relational Model

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12
Q

most widely used database model, in fact, we can say the only database model used around the world.

A

Relational Model

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13
Q

is a skeleton structure that represents the logical view of the entire database.

A

Database schema

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14
Q

defines how the data is organized and how the relations among them are associated.

A

Database Schema

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15
Q

It’s the database designers who design the schema to help programmers understand the database and make it useful.

A

Database Schema

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16
Q

pertains to the actual storage of data, such as files and indices.

A

Physical database schema

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17
Q

defines logical constraints, tables, views, and integrity constraints.

A

Logical database schema

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18
Q

This schema defines all the logical constraints that need to be applied on the data stored. It defines tables, views, and integrity constraints.

A

Logical Database

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19
Q

is the basis for SQL and modern database systems like MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, and MySQL.

A

Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)

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20
Q

The data in an RDBMS is stored in database objects which are called as.

A

Tables

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21
Q

is a table that consists of numerous columns and rows, storing related data entries.

A

Table

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22
Q

Every table is broken up into smaller entities called

A

fields

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23
Q

is a column in a table that maintains specific information about every record.

A

Field

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24
Q

is an individual entry (row) in a table.

A

Record

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25
Q

is a vertical entity in a table that contains all information associated with a specific field.

A

Column

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26
Q

is a category of database management systems that do not adhere to relational concepts.

A

NoSQL

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27
Q

is a language used for storing, manipulating, and retrieving data in a relational database.

A

SQL

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28
Q

NoSQL stands for?

A

Not only SQL

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29
Q

who is father of relational databases?

A

Edgar F. “Ted” Codd

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30
Q

what year did the SQL release?

A

1974

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31
Q

IBM developed the first prototype of relational database and standardized by ANSI.

A

1986

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32
Q

The first relational database was released by Relational Software which later came to be known as

A

Oracle

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33
Q

is the SQL command used to retrieve records from one or more tables.

A

SELECT

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34
Q

is the SQL command used to create a new record in a table.

A

INSERT

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35
Q

is the SQL command used to modify existing records.

A

UPDATE

36
Q

is the SQL command used to delete records.

A

DELETE

37
Q

is a transaction control command that commits a transaction.

A

COMMIT

38
Q

is a SQL command that rolls back a transaction in case of an error.

A

ROLLBACK

39
Q

is a type of data that stores character type data of variable length.

A

VARCHAR

40
Q

ensures that a column cannot have a NULL value.

A

NOT NULL

41
Q

ensures that all values in a column are unique.

A

UNIQUE

42
Q

is a constraint that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

A

PRIMARY KEY

43
Q

is a constraint that ensures a row in a table is related to another table.

A

FOREIGN KEY

44
Q

is the SQL command used to create a new table.

A

CREATE TABLE

45
Q

is a SQL command that modifies an existing database object.

A

ALTER

46
Q

is a SQL command used to delete a table or other object from the database.

A

DROP

47
Q

are commands that deal with the structure of a database, such as creating or modifying tables.

A

Data Definition Language (DDL)

48
Q

are commands that deal with the manipulation of data in the database.

A

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

49
Q

are commands that manage the rights, permissions, and controls of the database.

A

Data Control Language (DCL)

50
Q

is a SQL command that gives a user a privilege.

A

GRANT

51
Q

is a SQL command that removes privileges from a user.

A

REVOKE

52
Q

are commands that manage transactions in the database.

A

Transaction Control Language (TCL)

53
Q

is the process of managing transactions and ensuring the integrity of the database.

A

Transaction Management

54
Q

is the SQL command that sets a savepoint within a transaction.

A

SAVEPOINT

55
Q

is the process by which SQL determines how to carry out a query.

A

SQL Process

56
Q

are the rules and guidelines that define how SQL commands should be structured.

A

SQL Syntax

57
Q

is a case-insensitive language where commands can be written in any case.

A

SQL

58
Q

the rules enforced on data columns on a table. These are used to limit the type of data that can go into a table. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data in the database.

A

SQL CONSTRAINTS

59
Q

There are no duplicate rows in a table.

A

Entity Integrity

60
Q

Enforces valid entries for a given column by restricting the type, the format, or the range of values.

A

Domain Integrity

61
Q

Rows cannot be deleted, which are used by other records.

A

Referential integrity

62
Q

Enforces some specific business rules that do not fall into entity, domain or referential integrity.

A

User-Defined Integrity

63
Q

is the SQL command used to create a new database.

A

CREATE DATABASE

64
Q

is the SQL command used to delete an existing database.

A

DROP DATABASE

65
Q

is the SQL command used to select or switch to a different database.

A

USE DATABASE

66
Q

is the SQL command used to create a new table and define its columns and data types.

A

CREATE TABLE

67
Q

The SQL commands that deals with the manipulation of data present in the database belong to DML or Data Manipulation Language and this includes most of the SQL statements.

A

DML (DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE)

68
Q

Queries are sets of instruction written in a language that can be understood by the database system.

A

Queries

69
Q

Queries have (3) three basic parts.

A

Action - Location - Restrictions

70
Q

What the purpose of the query is.

A

Action ( SELECT and INSERT and UPDATE and DELETE )

71
Q

Which table or tables the action will be performed on.

A

Location ( FROM tableName )

72
Q

What columns rows and data will be affected.

A

Where ( WHERE Set of Restriction )

73
Q

The SQL SELECT statement is used to fetch the data from a database table which returns this data in the form of a result table.

A

SQL SELECT QUERY

74
Q

These result tables are called.

A

Result-Sets

75
Q

specifies the columns to be displayed, FROM Clause - specifies the table containing the columns that are listed in the SELECT Clause

A

SELECT Clause

76
Q

specifies the table containing the columns that are listed in the SELECT Clause.

A

FROM Clause

77
Q

The asterisk (*) can be used to select all the available columns and records from a table.

A

TRUE

78
Q

is used to specify a condition while fetching the data from a single table or by joining with multiple tables.

A

SQL WHERE clause

79
Q

is used to add new rows of data to a table in the database.

A

INSERT INTO

80
Q

is used to modify the existing records in a table.

A

UPDATE QUERY

81
Q

is used to delete the existing records from a table.

A

DELETE QUERY

82
Q

In UPDATE if you dont specify the WHERE Clause the whole rows will be affected ( true/false )

A

TRUE

83
Q

In DELETE if you dont specify the WHERE Clause the whole rows will be deleted ( true/false )

A

TRUE

84
Q

If you want to delete all the records from a table, you dont need to use WHERE Clause ( true/false )

A

TRUE

85
Q

USE is use to specify what schema/database you will be using or will be affected ( true/false )

A

TRUE

2ND_SEM (23 decks)

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