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Intro Sommelier 2020 > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What are the main regions of Italy?

A 
Valle d'Aosta
Piedmont
Lombardy
Trentino-Alto Adige
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Veneto
Emilia Romagna
Liguria
Tuscany
Umbria
Latium
Campania
Molise
Abruzzo
Puglia
Marche
Basilicata
Calabria
Sardinia
Sicily
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2
Q

Before the rise of the Romans, who were producing wines in Italy?

A

Etruscan and Greek settles.

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3
Q

Evidence indicates that vines were planted widely across Italy back to what century?

A

3rd.

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4
Q

Where does the peninsula of Italy located?

A

Between the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Seas (west)

The Ionian Sea (south)

Adriatic Sea (east)

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5
Q

What mountain ranges can be found in Italy?

A

The Apennine Mountains run like a backbone down the center of the peninsula.

The Alps cover a large part of the Northern regions.

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6
Q

What is the climate in Italy?

A

Spans from cool, continental in the north (near the Alps_ and warm in the south towards Sicily.

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7
Q

How many grape varietals can you find in Italy?

A

Over 1,300 registered varieties.

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8
Q

How many (roughly) vineyards are their in Italy?

A

900,000 registered vineyards.

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9
Q

What is the Wine Law/Classification in Italy for wines with geographic indication?

A

IGP - Indicazione Geografica Protetta
(includes IGT)

DOP - Denominazione di Origine Protetta
(includes DOC and DOCG)

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10
Q

What is the DOC and what year was it first introduced?

A

Denominazione di Origine Controllata
(to formalize and protect Italian wine regions)

1963

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11
Q

What are the four basic levels of Wine Classification in Italy?

A

DOCG
DO
IGT
Vino

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12
Q

What does ‘classico’ refer to on an Italian wine label?

A

A traditional, theoretically superior vineyard area within a DOC or DOCG.

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13
Q

What does ‘riserva’ mean on an Italian wine label?

A

Means “reserve” and is legally defined. This term usually indicates extended aging (in cask, then bottle) and can denote lower yields and higher alcohol depending on the appellation.

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14
Q

What does ‘superiore’ refer to on an Italian wine label?

A

Denotes higher level of alcohol or longer aging depending on the appellation.

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15
Q

What does ‘spumate’ mean on an Italian wine label?

A

Sparkling wine.

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16
Q

What does ‘frizzante’ mean on an Italian wine label?

A

Lightly sparkling.

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17
Q

What is ‘metodo classico’ in Italy?

A

Tradition method for making sparkling wines.

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18
Q

What does ‘secco’ mean in Italy?

A

Dry.

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19
Q

What does ‘amabile’ mean in Italy?

A

Off-dry.

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20
Q

What does ‘dolce’ mean in Italy?

A

Sweet.

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21
Q

What does ‘recioto/passito’ mean in Italy?

A

A wine made from dried grapes that is often sweet.

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22
Q

What are the Northern wine regions of Italy?

A 
Valle d'Aosta
Lombardy
Trentino-Alto Adige
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Piedmont
Liguria
Emilia Romagna
Veneto
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23
Q

‘Nebbia’ refers to what in Piedmont?

A

It is a pervasive fog that often settles over vineyards near harvest and is thought to be the inspiration for the name of the Nebbiolo grape.

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24
Q

Where is Piedmont located in Italy?

A

Northwestern, bordering both France and Switzerland.

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25
Q

‘Piedmont is a French word that means what?

A

“Foot of the Mountain”

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26
Q

What is the most important river of Piedmont?

A

The Po

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27
Q

What mountains cradle the region of Piedmont?

A

Alps to the north and west.

Apennine to the south and east.

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28
Q

What is the climate like in Piedmont?

A

Continental.

Rain shadow from the Alps.

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29
Q

What type of soils are found in Piedmont?

A

Limestone and sandstone.

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30
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Piedmont?

A

(white)
Moscato
Arneis
Cortese

(red)
Barbera 
Nebbiolo
Dolcetto
Brachetto
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31
Q

What are the appellations of Piedmont?

A 
Barolo and Barbaresco DOCG
Moscato d'Asti and Asti DOCG
Barbera d'Asti DOCG
Gavi DOCG
Brachetto d'Acqui DOCG
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32
Q

What grape(s) make up Barolo and Barbaresco wines?

A

100% Nebbiolo.

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33
Q

How are Barolo and Barbaresco wines vinified?

A

Dry red wines.
Long oak aging in large/small barriques.
Time in oak/minimum age regulate by law.

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34
Q

What are the minimum age requirements for Barbaresco?

A

26 months total

minimum of 9 months in oak

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35
Q

What are the minimum age requirements for Barolo?

A

38 months total

minimum of 18 months in oak

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36
Q

What is the main grape of Asti?

A

100% Moscato

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37
Q

How are Moscato d’Asti and Asti DOCG wines vinified?

A

Moscato d’Asti = off dry, frizzante wines

Asti DOCG = white, spumante, or metodo classico sparkling wines.

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38
Q

What is the main grape of Barbera d’Asti?

A

Barbera.

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39
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine made in Gavi DOCG?

A

Cortese.

Dry white wines.

40
Q

What style of wines are made in Brachetto d’Acqui?

A

Brachetto (grape).

Sweet, sparkling red wines.

41
Q

Where is Lombardy located?

A

Northeast of Milan in the foothills of the Alps near the famous lakes.

42
Q

What are the three famous lakes in Northern in Italy?

A

Como, Iseo, and Garda.

43
Q

What is the climate in Lombardy?

A

Cool continental.

44
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Lombary?

A

(white)
Chardonnay
Pinot Bianco

(red)
Pinot Nero
Nebbiolo

45
Q

What are the appellations within Lombardy?

A

Franciacorta DOCG

Valtellina Superiore DOCG

46
Q

What grapes/styles of wine are made in Franciacorta?

A

Metodo classico sparkling wines only.

Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and Pinot Nero.

47
Q

What grapes/styles of wine are made in Valtellina?

A

Nebbiolo.

Oak aged, dry red wines.

48
Q

What is the climate like in Valtellina Superiore?

A

High altitude and alpine with abundant sunshine for long, slow growing seasons.

49
Q

Where is Trento-Alto Adige located?

A

On the Alpine border of Austria and Switzerland.

50
Q

Which two cultures influenced the wine making in Trento-Alto Adige?

A

Germanic (north)

Italian (south)

51
Q

What is the climate like in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Continental with cold winters and surprisingly warm summers.

52
Q

What are the main grapes found in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

(white_
Pinot Grigio
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Bianco

(red)
Merlot
Lagrein

53
Q

What are the appellations found in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A 
Trentino DOC
Alto Adige (Südtiroler) DOC
54
Q

Where is the Veneto located?

A

Northeastern Italy in the foothills of the Alps extending eastward to the border of the Adriatic Sea.

55
Q

What are the appellations found in the Veneto?

A

Soave DOC
Soave Superiore DOCG

Prosecco DOC
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

Valpolicella DOC
Valpolicella Classico DOC

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

56
Q

What is the main grape/style made in Soave?

A

Garganega.

Dry white wines only.

57
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine made in Prosecco?

A

Glera.

Charmat/tank method sparkling wines.

58
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine made in Valpolicella?

A

Corvina (dominant)
Rodinella.

Dry red wines.

59
Q

What process is used to make Amarone wines?

A

Appassimento Process

60
Q

What is the Appassimento Process?

A

Grapes are harvested and dried for several weeks
Fruit dries and develops unique flavor characteristics
Wine is fermented to dry or off-dry
High alcohol wines produced are generally 14 –16% ABV

61
Q

Where is Friuli-Venezia-Giulia located?

A

Northeastern Italy, extending eastward to the border with Slovenia.

62
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Friuli?

A

(white)
Pinot Grigio
Sauvignon Blanc
Friulano

(red)
Merlot

63
Q

What is the most widely planted red grape found in Friuli?

A

Merlot.

64
Q

Where is Emilia Romagna located?

A

A large region extending from the heart of north-central Italy eastward to the coast of the Adriatic Sea.

65
Q

What is the topography like in Emilia-Romagna?

A

Broad, vast plains with intensive agriculture and viticulture.

66
Q

What are the Central Regions of Italy?

A 
Tuscany
Marche
Abruzzo
Umbria
Latium
67
Q

Where is Tuscany located?

A

Extends from the Ligurian Sea in the west to the foothills of the Apennine Mountains in the east?

68
Q

What are the main grapes found in Tuscany?

A

Vernaccia (white)

```
red
Sangiovese
Syrah
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
~~~

69
Q

What are the appellations found in Tuscany?

A

Chianti DOCG
Chianti Classico DOCG

Brunello di Montalcino

70
Q

What is the main grape/minimum for dry red wines in Chianti DOCG?

A

Sangiovese - 70%

71
Q

What is the main grape/minimum for dry red wines in Chianti DOCG?

A

Sangiovese - 80%

72
Q

What type of soil is found in the Chianti Classico region?

A

Galestro (soft, marl like soil)

Sandstone

73
Q

Where is Chianti Classico located?

A

A smaller area in the heart of the Chianti region that has more stringent rules/age requirements than Chianti DOCG.

74
Q

What grape is locally called ‘Brunello’ in Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese Grosso

75
Q

What are the aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Aged for a minimum of 2 years in wood, plus 4 months in bottle.

They may not be sold before January 1st of the fifth year after harvest.

76
Q

What style of wood is used to age the wines of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Large Slovenian oak barrels or small barriques depending on the producer.

77
Q

Where is the Marches located?

A

On the eastern coast of Italy along the Adriatic Sea and extending westward into the foothills of the Apennine Mountains.

78
Q

What is the climate like in the Marche?

A

Mediterranean.

79
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine found in Marches?

A

Verdicchio.

Dry, unoaked white wines.

80
Q

What are the appellations found in the Marches?

A

Verdicchio di Matelica DOC

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

81
Q

What are the Southern Regions of Italy?

A 
Molise
Puglia
Campania
Basilicata
Calabria
Sardinia
Sicily
82
Q

Where is Campania located?

A

Southern Italy, extending from the Mediterranean Sea into the mountains to the east, near Naples and the Amalfi Coast.

83
Q

What is the climate like in Campania?

A

Mediterranean, sunny and warm.

84
Q

What is the topography like in Campania?

A

A combination of relatively low-lying areas near the sea and very rugged terrain in the mostly volcanic mountains to the east.

85
Q

What type of soils are found in Campania?

A

Alluvial sediments, volcanic soils.

86
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Campania?

A

(white)
Falanghina
Fiano
Greco

(red)
Aglianico

87
Q

What are the appellations found in Campania?

A

Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Greco di Tufo DOCG
Taurasi DOCG

88
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine made in Fiano di Avellino?

A

Fiano.

Dry white wines.

89
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine made in Greco di Tufo?

A

Greco (ancient Greek)

Dry white wines.

90
Q

What is the main grape/style of wine made in Taurasi?

A

Aglianico.

Dry, oak-aged, age-worthy reds.

91
Q

What is the age requirement for Taurasi wines?

A

Aglianico.

Aged a minimum of 3 years with one year in wood.

92
Q

Where is Sicily located?

A

It is an island to the west of the mainland Italy in the Mediterranean Sea

93
Q

What are the main grapes grown in Sicily?

A

Carricante (white)

Nero d’Avola, Nerello Mascalese (reds)

94
Q

What is an important appellation found in Sicily?

A

Etna DOC

95
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine made in Etna?

A 
Carricante (white)
Nerello Mascalese (red)

Dry whites, reds, and rosés.

Intro Sommelier 2020 (27 decks)

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