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Intro Sommelier 2020 > Burgundy (France) > Flashcards

Burgundy (France) Flashcards

1
Q

How are wines in Cote Chalonnaise often aged?

A

Little to no oak for reds and whites.

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2
Q

What is the Wine Classification System of Burgundy?

A

Grand Cru
Premier Cru
Village Wines
Regional Appellations

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3
Q

What is the appellation hierarchy for Cote de Nuits?

A

Bourgogne AOP
Bourgogne Cote d’Or AOP
Village AOP
Premier or 1er Cru AOP

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4
Q

How many designated Beaujolais-Villages are there?

A

38.

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5
Q

What defines the Bourgogne AOP?

A

Pinot Noir/Chardonnay from anywhere in the entire Burgundy region.

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6
Q

What is the topography of Maconnais?

A

Large area with low-lying hills and fairly flat farmland.

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7
Q

What are recent top vintages of the Cote de Nuits?

A

Red= 2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015

White = 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013

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8
Q

Where is the Cote de Beaune located?

A

Southern part of the Cote d’Or.

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9
Q

What is the climate in Maconnais?

A

Continental, but slightly warmer/drier than northern Burgundy.

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10
Q

How many ‘Premier Cru’s are there in Burgundy?

A

550-600

12% of production

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11
Q

What is a ‘domaine’?

A

These are grower/producers that own the vineyards they are producing wine
from.

The entire process from growing the grapes to aging and bottling the
wine is done by the Domaine itself.

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12
Q

What threats must be considered for harvest in Cote de Nuits?

A

Frost, summer hail, and excessive rain.

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13
Q

In what year was the Code of Inheritance instituted?

A

1804

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14
Q

What is the soil like in the Cote de Nuits?

A

Marl and limestone.

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15
Q

What percentage of Burgundy’s wine production are Village Wines?

A

30%

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16
Q

What is the Code of Inheritance?

A

A system of inheritance instituted by Napoleon (1804) that required estates be divided equally among male heirs. When a parent died, all male children inherited equal amounts of property.

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17
Q

What are a few examples of Cote de Beaune villages?

A 
Aloxe-Corton
Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Mersault
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
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18
Q

What defines the Cote d’Or AOP?

A

General appellation for wines from 5 small areas in the Cote de Nuits.

Pinot Noir (red wine) only.

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19
Q

What grape varietals/styles of wine are made in Pouilly-Fusse?

A

Chardonnay - white wine only.
(Some use of new oak)

  • generally more expensive than other wines in this region.
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20
Q

What is the topography of the Cote de Nuits?

A

Hillsides and ridges.

Top vineyards often in the middle.

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21
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine in Givry?

A

Chardonnay - white wines.

Pinot Noir - red wines.

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22
Q

What are the Cote de Nuits villages?

A 
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-St.Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot
Vosne-Romanee
Flagey-Echezeaux
Nuits-Saint-Georges
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23
Q

Reading a label - Single Vineyard Grand Cru

A

100% of the grapes come from one of the very best vineyard sites in Burgundy.

It will only have the name of the vineyard, not the village.

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24
Q

What happened to Burgundy’s vineyards during the French Revolution?

A

They were taken away from the church and broken up and sold as smaller pieces to new owners.

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25
Q

What type of oak is used for Cote de Beaune wines?

A

Oak, often new for reds and whites.

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26
Q

What are the two sub-regions of the Cote d’Or?

A

Cote de Nuits

Cote de Beaune

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27
Q

What are 4 examples of Cote de Beaune Grand Cru vineyards?

A

Corton
Corton-Charlemagne
Montrachet
Batard-Montrachet

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28
Q

What does the Cote Chalonnaise lack in terms of protection?

A

No hillside escarpments to protect vineyards from east winds.

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29
Q

Reading a label - Village Wines:

A

100% of grapes grown in/around named village.

Many append their named to the most famous vineyard to get more recognition.

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30
Q

What are the Beaujolais Crus (10)?

A 
Julienas
Fleurie
Saint-AMour
Chenas
Moulin-a-Vent
Chiroubles
Regnie
Morgon
Cote de Brouilly
Brouilly
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31
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine in Rully?

A

Chardonnay - white wines.
Pinot Noir - red wines.
Cremant de Bourgogne - sparkling wines.

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32
Q

What is the soil like in Cote de Beaune?

A

Marl and limestone.

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33
Q

What grape varietals/styles of wine are made in Saint-Veran?

A

Chardonnay - white wine only.

Some use of new oak

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34
Q

What is the main grape of the Morgon AOP?

A

Gamay.

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35
Q

What are Burgundy’s vineyards named and classified by?

A

Their terroir.

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36
Q

What are the Chablis AOP’s?

A

Chablis AOP
Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis Premier Cru AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP

37
Q

Where do Beaujolais’ best wines come from?

A

Beaujolais Cru vineyards (granite soils)

38
Q

What are the 5 main regions of Burgundy?

A 
Chablis
Cote d'Or
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
39
Q

What is a ‘négociant’?

A

Wine merchants who buy grapes and/or finished wines for blending and bottling under their own labels.

40
Q

Where is Burgundy located?

A

Eastern/Central France near the border of Switzerland.

41
Q

What type of soil is found in Chablis?

A

Kimmeridgian clay/limestone.

42
Q

What style of wine are made in Chablis?

A

White wines only.

No oak is used with lower-tier wines, but often used with upper-tiers.

Malolactic fermention is common

43
Q

What is the main grape varietal of the Cote de Nuits?

A

Pinot Noir (red)

44
Q

What are the top recent vintages for Cote de Beaune wines?

A

Red = 2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015

White = 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013

45
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Maconnais?

A

Chardonnay (white)

Pinot Noir, Gama (reds)

46
Q

What percentage of Burgundy’s wine production are Regional Appellations?

47
Q

What are the 5 AOP’s within Cote Chalonnaise?

A 
Montagny
Bouzeron
Rully
Givry
Mercurey
48
Q

How many Chablis Premier Cru vineyards are there?

49
Q

What is a ‘clos’?

A

A plot of vineyard land traditionally surrounded with dry stonewalls.

(example: Close Vougeot Grand Cru)

50
Q

What are 5 examples of Grand Crus found in Cote de Nuits?

A 
Chambertin
Musigny
La Tache
Bonnes-Mares
La Romanee
51
Q

Reading a label - Single Vineyard Premier (1er Cru)

A

100% of the grapes come from a specific vineyard.

52
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Chardonnay, Aligote (small volume)

Pinot Noir

53
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine in Bouzeron?

A

Aligote.

White wines only.

54
Q

How many of the 33 Grand Cru’s are found in the Cote de Nuits?

55
Q

What does the word ‘cote’ refer to?

A

A slope or hillside.

56
Q

What are the main soil types for Burgundy?

A

chalk, calcareous clay, marl, and limestone

57
Q

During the Middle Ages, who owned a majority of Burgundy’s vineyards?

A

Catholic Church’s Benedictine monks and then Cistercian monks from the abbey of Citeaux.

58
Q

What are the soils like in Beaujolais?

A

Schist and granite (northern villages)

Sandstone and clay (in the south)

59
Q

What is a ‘monopole’?

A

Parcels of vineyard land with single ownership, monopoles are less common than you might think.

Most vineyards in Burgundy have multiple owners.

60
Q

What are the AOP’s of Maconnais?

A

Macon AOP
Saint-Veran AOP
Pouilly-Fusse AOP

61
Q

Where is Chablis located?

A

80 miles north of the Cote d’Or

Close to Champagne than the rest of Burgundy.

62
Q

What are Chablis’s Grand Cru vineyards?

A 
Les Preuses
Bougros
Grenouilles
Vaudesir
Valmur
Les Clos
Blanchot
63
Q

Where is Beaujolais located?

A

South of/slightly overlapping Maconnais.

64
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine in Montagny?

A

Chardonnay.

White wines only.

65
Q

How many acres is within Close Vougeot?

A

125-acre (51 ha) within a single, walled vineyard.

66
Q

What are the main grape varietals for Beaujolais?

A

Chardonnay (in small volume)

Gamay (most widely planted)

67
Q

What affect did the Code of Inheritance have on Burgundy?

A

It caused fragmentation of Burgundy’s vineyards.

68
Q

What are the main regions of France?

A 
Champagne
Alsace
Loire Valley
Burgundy
Bordeaux
Rhone Valley
69
Q

How are wines from the Cote de Nuits often fermented/aged?

A

French oak, often new.

Some produces ferment whole cluster whiles other de-stem.

70
Q

When are Beaujolais Nouveau wines released?

A

The third Thursday in November following harvest.

71
Q

How many ‘Grand Crus’ are there in Burgundy?

A

33

2% of production

72
Q

How many Chablis Grand Cru vineyards are there?

A

Seven.

Most have south/southwest facing slopes.

73
Q

What time of soil is found in Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Limestone.

74
Q

What is the climate in Chablis?

A

Cool continental.

75
Q

What grape varietals/styles of wine are made in Macon?

A

Chardonnay - mainly white wines.

76
Q

What style/methods of aging are used in Maconnais?

A

Little to no use of new oak (aside from Pouilly-Fuse)

Mostly white wine production.

77
Q

What are the AOP’s of Maconnais?

A

Macon AOP
Saint-Veran AOP
Pouilly-Fuse AOP

78
Q

What is the Appellation Hierarchy for the Cote de Beaune?

A

Bourgogne AOP
Village AOP
Premier or 1er Cru AOP
Grand Cru AOP

79
Q

What/where is the Cote d’Or?

A

It is a 30 mile long escarpment that runs north to south starting in Dijon and ending in Santenay.

80
Q

What is the main grape varietal in Chablis?

A

100% Chardonnay

81
Q

What geological factor divides the Cote d’Or into two sections?

A

A narrow ridge of limestone.

82
Q

Why is picking time critical for harvest in Chablis?

A

Late season frosts.

83
Q

What is the regional appellation hierarchy for Beaujolais?

A

Beaujolais AOP
Beaujolais Nouveau
Beaujolais-Villages AOP
Beaujolais Crus

84
Q

Where is the Cote Chalonnaise located?

A

Directly south of the Cote d’Or.

85
Q

What role did the Benedictine and Cistercian monks play in Burgundy’s wine history?

A

They studied vineyards, identified superior parcels that produced specific styles of wine.

86
Q

What are the main grapes/styles of wine in Mercurey?

A

Chardonnay - white wines.

Pinot Noir - red wines.

87
Q

What style of fermentation do producers in Beaujolais use?

A

Carbonic Maceration.

Stainless Steel.

Used/older French oak barrels.

88
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Burgundy?

A

(white)
Chardonnay
Aligote

(reds)
Pinot Noir
Gamay

Intro Sommelier 2020 (27 decks)

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