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IT 360T > IT: Chapter 6:Teecommunications, the Internet, and Wireles Technology > Flashcards

IT: Chapter 6:Teecommunications, the Internet, and Wireles Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Convergence

A

Telephone networks and computer networks converging into single digital network using Internet Standards

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2
Q

Computer Network

A

consists of two or more connected computers

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3
Q

Server Computer

A

performs important network functions for client computers

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4
Q

Network Operating System

A

routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources

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5
Q

Hubs

A

connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices

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6
Q

Switch

A

more intelligence than a hub and can filter and forward data to a specified destination on the network

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7
Q

Routers

A

a communications processor used to route packets of through different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address.

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8
Q

Client/Server Computing

A

a distributed computing model in which some of the processing power is located within small, inexpensive client computers, and resides on desktops, laptops, or handheld devices.

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9
Q

Packet Switching

A

a method of slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling packets at destination

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10
Q

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

A

connectivity between computers enabled by protocols

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11
Q

Protocols

A

set of rules and procedures governing transmission of information between two points in a network

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12
Q

Transmission Control (TCP)

A

establishes a connection between the computers, sequences the transfer of packets, and acknowledges the packets sent.

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13
Q

Internet Protocol (IP)

A

responsible for the delivery of packets and includes the disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission

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14
Q

Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Network Layer

A

Four layers for TCP/IP

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15
Q

Application layer

A

enables client application programs to access the other layers and defines the protocols that applications use to exchange data.

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16
Q

Transport layer

A

responsible for providing the Application layer with communication and packet services

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17
Q

Internet layer

A

responsible for addressing, routing, and packaging data packets called IP datagrams

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18
Q

Network Interface Layer

A

responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium, which could be any network technology

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19
Q

Analog Signal

A

represented by a continuous waveform that passes through a communications medium and has been used for voice communications

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20
Q

Digital signal

A

discrete, binary waveform, rather than a continuous waveform, uses one bit and zero bits

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21
Q

Modem

A

translates digital signals into analog form so that computers can transmit data over analog networks such as telephone and cable networks

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22
Q

Local-area networks (LANs)

A

to connect personal computer and other digital devices within a half-mile or 500-meter radius

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23
Q

Peer-to-peer

A

treats all processors equally and is used primarily in small networks with 10 or fewer users

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24
Q

Topologies

A

the way components are connected together

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25
Q

Star topology
Bus Topology
Ring Topology

A

3 components of topologies

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26
Q

Star topology

A

all devices on the network connect to a single hub

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27
Q

Bus topology

A

one station transmits signals, which travel in both directions along a single transmission segment. All of the signals are broadcast in both directions to the entire network

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28
Q

Ring topology

A

connects network components in a closed loop

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29
Q

Wide-area networks (WANs)

A

span broad geographical distances.

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30
Q

Metropolitan-area networks (MANs)

A

a network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs

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31
Q

Twisted wire (modems)

A

consists of strands of copper wire twisted in pairs and is an older type of transmission medium

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32
Q

Coaxial cable

A

consists of thickly insulated copper wire that can transmit a larger volume of data than twister wire, similar to that used for cable television

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33
Q

Fiber optics and Optical Networks

A

consists of bound strands of clear glass fiber, each the thickness of a human hair

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34
Q

Wireless Transmission Media Devices

A

based on radio signals of various frequencies

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35
Q

Microwave
Satellites
Cellular Systems
Wireless

A

What are some Wireless Transmission Media Devices

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36
Q

Microware

A

transmit high-frequency radio signals through the atmosphere and are widely used for high-volume, long-distance, point-to-point communications

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37
Q

Satellites

A

use microwave transmission and are typically used for transmission in large, geographically dispersed organizations that would be difficult to network using cable media, as well as for home Internet services

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38
Q

Cellular systems

A

use radio waves and a variety of different protocols to communicate with radio antennas placed within adjacent geographic areas

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39
Q

Wireless

A

supplanting traditional wired networks for many applications and creating new applications, services, and business models

40
Q

Hertz

A

one hertz equal to one-cycle of the medium

41
Q

Bandwidth

A

the range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a particular telecommunications channel

42
Q

Internet Service providers

A

a commercial organization with a permanent connection to the internet that sells temporary connections to real subscribers

43
Q

Digital Subscriber line (DSL)

A

operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video at transmission rates ranging from 385 Kbps

44
Q

Cable internet Connections

A

use digital cable coaxial lines to deliver high-speed internet access to homes and businesses

45
Q

T1 Lines

A

leased, dedicated lines, suitable for businesses or government agencies requiring high-seed guaranteed service levels. Offer guaranteed delivery at 1.54 Mbps

46
Q

Internet Protocol (IP) address

A

a 32-bit number represented by four strings of numbers ranging from 0-255 separated by periods

47
Q

Domain Name System

A

converts domain names to IP addresses

48
Q

Domain Name

A

the English-like name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the Internet

49
Q

Hierarchical Structure

A

top-level domains, second-level domains, third-level domains

50
Q

Top-level domains

A

two and three character names you are familiar with from surfing the Web. .com, .edu, .gov

51
Q

IAB

A

helps define the overall structure of the Internet

52
Q

ICANN

A

assigns IP addresses

53
Q

W3C

A

sets Hypertext Markup Language and other programming standards for the Web

54
Q

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version g)

A

contains 128-bit addresses, or more than a quadrillion possible unique addresses

55
Q

Internet 2

A

an advanced networking consortium representing over 330 U.S. universities, private businesses, and government agencies working with 60,000 institutions across the U.S. and international networking partners

56
Q

Email

A

person-to-person messaging document sharing

57
Q

Chatting and Instant Messaging

A

Interactive conversations

58
Q

Newsgroups

A

discussion groups on electronic bulletin boards

59
Q

Telnet

A

logging in to one computer system and doing work on another

60
Q

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A

transferring files from computer to computer

61
Q

World Wide Web

A

retrieving, formatting, and displaying information using hypertext links

62
Q

Voice Over IP (VOIP)

A

delivers voice information in digital form using packet switching, avoiding the tolls charged by local and long-distance telephone networks

63
Q

Unified Communications

A

integrates disparate channels for voice communications, data communications, instant messaging, e-mail, and electronic conferencing into a single experience where users can seamlessly switch back and forth between different communication modes

64
Q

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

A

a secure, encrypted, private network that has been configured within a public network to take advantage of economies of scale and management facilities of large networks

65
Q

HTML (Hypertext)

A

formats documents and incorporates dynamic links to other documents and pictures stored in the same or remote computers

66
Q

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

A

the communication standard used to transfer pages on the Web

67
Q

Uniform resource Locators (URLs)

A

tells the browser software exactly where to look for the information

68
Q

Web Servers

A

software for locating and managing stored Web pages. It locates the Web pages requested by a user on the computer where they are stored and delivers the Web pages to the user’s computer

69
Q

Search Engines

A

attempt to solve the problem of finding useful information on the Web nearly instantly

70
Q

Search engine marketing

A

major source of internet advertising revenue. Sponsored and unsponsored results

71
Q

Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

A

the process of improving the quality and volume and Web traffic to a Web site by employing a series of techniques that help a Web site achieve a higher ranking with the major search engine

72
Q

Social Search

A

effort to provide fewer, more relevant, and trustworthy search results based on a person’s network of social contacts

73
Q

Shopping bots

A

use intelligent agent software for searching internet for shopping information

74
Q

Web 2.0

A

second-generation services enabling people to collaborate, share information , and create new services online

75
Q

Blogs

A

chronological, informal Web sites created by individuals

76
Q

RSS (Really Simple Syndication)

A

syndicates Web content so aggregator software can pull content for use in another setting or viewing later

77
Q

Wikis

A

collaborative Web sites where visitors can add, delete, or modify content on the site

78
Q

Social networking sites

A

enable users to build communities of friends and share information

79
Q

Semantic Web

A

A collaborative effort led by W3C to add layer of meaning to the existing Web

80
Q

U.S Only

A

CDMA

81
Q

Rest of the World

A

GSM

82
Q

Third-generation (3g) Networks

A

higher transmission speeds suitable for broadband Internet access

83
Q

Fourth-generation (4g) Networks

A

Entirely packet-switched, up to 100 Mbps

84
Q

Bluetooth

A

802.15

85
Q

Bluetooth

A

Links up to 8 devices in 10-m area using low-power, radio-based communications

86
Q

Wi-Fi

A

802.11

87
Q

Wi-Fi

A

Used for wireless LAN and wireless internet access

88
Q

Access points

A

device with radio receiver/transmitter for connecting wireless devices to a wired LAN

89
Q

hotspots

A

one or more access points in public place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area

90
Q

Radio Frequency identification (RFID)

A

provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain.

91
Q

Active RFID

A

tags have batteries, data can be rewritten, range is hundreds of feet, more expensive

92
Q

Passive RFID

A

range is shorter, also smaller, less expensive, powered by radio frequency energy

93
Q

WiMax

A

802.16

94
Q

WiMax

A

Wireless access range of 31 Miles

95
Q

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

A

networks of hundreds or thousands of interconnected wireless devices embedded into physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces

IT 360T (10 decks)

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