IT: Chapter 5: Foundations of business Intelligence

Question 1

Database

Answer 1

a collection of related files containing records on people, places, or things.

Question 2

Entity

Answer 2

generalized category representing person, place, thing on which we store and maintain information

Question 3

Attributes

Answer 3

specific characteristics of each entity

Question 4

Relational database

Answer 4

organize data into two-dimensional tables (relations) with columns and rows

Question 5

Fields

Answer 5

store data representing an attribute

Question 6

Rows

Answer 6

store data for separate records, records or tuples

Question 7

Key Field

Answer 7

uniquely identifies each record

Question 8

Primary Key

Answer 8

the unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table, and this primary key cannot be duplicated

Question 9

Foreign Key

Answer 9

a look-up field to find data about the supplier of a specific part

Question 10

Entity-relationship diagram

Answer 10

used to clarify table relationships in a relational database

Question 11

Join table or an intersection relation

Answer 11

link two tables in a table that joins information

Question 12

Normalization

Answer 12

the process of streamlining complex groups of data to minimize redundant data elements and awkward many-to-many relationships, and increase stability and flexibility

Question 13

Referential Integrity rules

Answer 13

to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent

Question 14

Database Management Systems DBMS

Answer 14

a specific type of software for creating, storing, organizing, and accessing data from a database

Question 15

Logical View

Answer 15

how end users view data

Question 16

Physical View

Answer 16

show s how data are actually organized and structured on physical storage media, such as a hard disk

Question 17

Operations of a Relational DBMS ABBREV

Answer 17

SJP

Question 18

Operations of a Relational DBMS

Answer 18

Select
Join
Project

Question 19

Select

Answer 19

Creates a subset of all records meeting stated criteria

Question 20

Join

Answer 20

combines relational tables to represent the server with more information than is available from individual tables

Question 21

Project

Answer 21

permits user to create new tables containing only desired information

Question 22

Data Definition

Answer 22

specify the structure of the content of the database

Question 23

Data Dictionary

Answer 23

automated or manual file that stores definition of data elements and their characteristics

Question 24

Data Manipulation language

Answer 24

used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database

Question 25

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Answer 25

to retrieve information they needed from the database

Question 26

Object Oriented DBMS

Answer 26

stores the data, and procedures that act on those data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared

Question 27

Hybrid object-relational DBMS

Answer 27

Provide capabilities for both object-oriented and relational DBMS

Question 28

Data Warehouse

Answer 28

a database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company

Question 29

Data Mart

Answer 29

a subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of the organization’s data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users.

Question 30

Online analytical Processing (OLAP)

Answer 30

supports multidimensional data analysis, enabling users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions

Question 31

Data mining

Answer 31

finding hidden patterns and relationships in large databases and infers rules from them to predict future behavior

Question 32

Associations

Answer 32

occurrences inked to single event

Question 33

Sequences

Answer 33

events linked over time

Question 34

Classifications

Answer 34

describe the group to which an item belongs by examining existing items that have been classified and by inferring a set of rules

Question 35

Clustering

Answer 35

works like classification when no groups have yet become defined

Question 36

Forecasting

Answer 36

uses a series of existing values to forecast what other values will be

Question 37

Predictive Analysis

Answer 37

uses data mining techniques, historical data and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events, such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product

Question 38

Text Mining

Answer 38

able to extract key element from large unstructured data sets, discover patters and relationship, and summarize the information

Question 39

Web Mining

Answer 39

the discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the Web

Question 40

Content Mining

Answer 40

the process of extracting knowledge from the content of Web pages, which may include text, image, audio, and video data

Question 41

Structure Mining

Answer 41

examines data related to the structure of a particular website

Question 42

Usage Mining

Answer 42

examines user interaction data recorded by a Web server

Question 43

Information Policy

Answer 43

specifies the organization’s rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventory information

Question 44

Data administration

Answer 44

responsible for specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource

Question 45

Database administration

Answer 45

database design management group responsible for defining and organizing the structure and content of the database, and maintaining the database

Question 46

Poor Data Quality

Answer 46

major obstacle to successful customer relationship management

Question 47

Data Quality Audit

Answer 47

structured survey of the accuracy and completeness of the data

Question 48

Data Cleansing

Answer 48

aka data scrubbing, consists of activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant.