IT: Chapter 2: Global E-Business and Collaboration Flashcards
Business
a formal organization whose aim is to produce products or provide services for a profit
Strategic Choice
determines your likely customers, the kinds of employees you will need, production methods and facilities needed, the marketing themes and many other choices
ABBREV: Four basic business functions
MSFH
Four Basic Business Functions
Manufacturing and Production
Sales and Marketing
Finance and accounting
Human Resources
Manufacturing and Production business process
Assembling the product
Checking for Quality
Producing bills of materials
Sales and Marketing business process
identifying customers
Making customers aware of the product
Selling the product
Finance and Accounting business process
Paying creditors
Creating financial statements
Managing cash accounts
Human Resources business process
Hiring employees
Evaluating employees’ job performance
Enrolling employees in benefits plan
ABBREV: Five Basic Business Entities
SCEIP
Five Basic Business Entities
Supplier Customers Employees Invoices/payments Products and services
Business process
logically related set of tasks that define how specific business tasks are performed
Functional
require coordination across departments
Cross-functional
interactions ex, fulfilling customer order
Senior Management
makes long-range strategic decisions about products and services as well as ensures financial performance of the firm
Middle Management
carries out the programs and plans of senior management
Operational Management
Responsible for monitoring the daily activities of the business
Knowledge workers
Designs products and services and create new knowledge for the firm
Data Workers
assists with administrative work at all levels of the firm
Production or service workers
actually produce the product and deliver the service
ABBREV: Levels in a Firm
SMO
Levels in a Firm
Senior Management Middle Management (Scientists and knowledge workers) Operational Management (Production and service workers, data workers)
To stay in business, a firm must
monitor changes in its environment of every business
Businesses fail because
they failed to respond adequately to changes in environments
To be successful, an organization must constantly
monitor and respond to developments in the environment
ABBREV: Global Environmental factors
TEPI
Global Environmental Factors
Technology and Science
Economy
Politics
International Change
ABBREV: Immediate environment factors
CSCRS
Immediate environment factors
Customers Suppliers Competitors Regulations Stockholders
Systems for Management Decision Making and Business Intelligence
Transaction Processing Systems
Systems for business intelligence
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) defintion
a computerized system that performs and records the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business
Example of TPS
payroll processing
Business intelligence definition
a contemporary term for data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing access to data
Systems for business intelligence
focus on delivering information to support management decision making
ABBREV: Types of Systems Business Intelligence
MDE
Types of Systems Business Intelligence
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Decision Support System (DSS)
Executive Support System (ESS)
Who does Management Information Systems (MIS) provide for?
middle managers
What does Management Information Systems do?
Summarize and report on the company’s basic operations using data supplied by transaction processing systems
Who does Decision Support Systems (DSS) provide for?
Middle managers
What does Decision Support Systems do?
-support non-routine decision making
Where does DSS use information from?
TPS and MIS as well as external sources
Model driven DSS
Voyage-estimating systems
Data driven DSS
Intrawest’s marketing analysis systems
Executive Support Systems(ESS) serve
senior managers
What does ESS do?
- address strategic issues and long-term trends
- provide generalized computing capacity that can be applied to changing array of problems
Digital Dashboard is used in
Executive Support Systems (ESS)
Digital dashboard
delivers comprehensive and accurate information for decision making often using a single screen
Enterprise application
systems that span functional area, focus on executing business processes across the firm, and include all levels of management
How does Enterprise Application help businesses?
become more flexible and productive by coordinating their business processes more closely and integrating groups of processes
ABBREV: four major types of Enterprise Application
ESCK
Four Major Types of Enterprise Application
Enterprise systems
Supply Chain Management
Customer relationship management systems
Knowledge management systems
Enterprise Systems is also known as
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
What does Enterprise systems do?
- integrate data into single system
- speed communication
- greater flexibility
- enable managers to assemble overall view of operations
What does Supply Chain Management (SCM) do?
manage relationships with suppliers, purchasing firms, distributors, and logistics companies
SCM is a type of __________ systems
interorganizaitonal system
Interorganizational system
automating flow of information across organization boundaries
What does Customer Relationship Management Systems do?
help manage relationship with customers
What are the goals of Customer Relationship Management Systems?
OIII
- Optimize revenue
- Improve customer satisfaction
- Increase customer retention
- identify and retain most profitable customers
What do knowledge management systems do?
manage processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise
Intranets and Extranets are
technology platforms that increase integration and expedite the flow of information
Intranets
internal networks based on internet standards, often are private access in a company’s website
Extranet
company websites accessible only to authorized vendors and suppliers
E-business
use of digital technology and internet to drive major business processes
E-commerce
buying and selling goods and services through internet
E-government
using internet technology to deliver information and services to citizens, employees, and busineses
Collaboration
working with others to achieve shared and explicit goals
ABBREV: growing importance of Collaboration
NGOSEC
Growing importance of Collaboration
Changing nature of work Growth of professional work Changing organization of the firm Changing scope of the firm Emphasis on innovation Changing culture of work and business
Requirements for Collaboration
Collaboration Capability & Collaboration Technology
Collaboration Quality
Firm Performance
Same Place-Same Time
face to face interactions
Different Place - Same time
Remote interactions
Same place - different time
continuous task
Different Place - Different Time
Communication + Coordination
Time/Space Collaboration Tool Matrix
whether they support interactions at the same or different time or place and whether these interactions are remote or co-located
Information Systems department
the formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services
Information systems department responsible for
maintaining the hardware, software, data storage, and networks that compromise the firm’s IT infrastructure
Programmers
highly trained technical specialist who write the software instructions for computers
Systems Analysts
constitute the principal liaisons between the information systems groups and the rest of the organization
ABBREV: Senior managers of IT department
ISPK
Information Systems Managers
leaders of teams
Senior Managers
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Chief Security Officer (CSO)
Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
Chief Knowledge Officer(CKO)
CIO - Chief Information officer
oversees the use of information technology in the firm
CSO - Chief Security Officer
in charge of information systems security for the firm and is responsible for enforcing the firm’s information security policy
CPO - Chief Privacy Officer
responsible for ensuring that the company complies with existing data privacy laws
CKO - Chief Knowledge Officer
responsible for the firm’s knowledge management program
End Users
representatives of departments outside of the information systems group for whom applications are developed