issues of good & evil Flashcards
6 different reasons for prisons
retribution, deterrence, reformation, vindication, reparation, protection
what is retribution
this means revenge. ‘Getting even’ with a person who
has committed a crime means that the criminal suffers just as they have made others suffer.
what is deterrance
put people off committing crime altogether.
Historically in England this was the main purpose of the death penalty, is still seen to be the aim of capital punishment in some states in the USA where executions take place for murder.
what is reformation
reform or rehabilitate offenders so that they can understand why they committed offences and attempt to ‘fix’ these problems.
Reform can take the shape of therapy, counselling,
education or training.
what is reparation
repairing the damage done through crime. Restorative justice programmes, such as community service clean-up schemes for vandals, allow offenders to attempt to make up for the crime they have committed.
what is protection
As a prison sentence removes criminals from society,
innocent people are prevented from suffering as the criminal has no option to commit
further crime.
christian attitudes for punishment
they wish to give the criminal an opportunity to improve themselves- they are big on forgiveness
muslim attitudes to punishment
for
forgiveness is very important in Islam, but so is the need to protect the ummah and keep law and order.
Punishment is therefore central to justice and determines good and evil
what is restorative justice
a system of justice that enables criminals to make amends for their behaviour by meeting with their victim and apologising.
who was john howard
Calvinist christian who brought in clean running water, separate cells for men & women, doctors, increased number of prison guards in prisons
who was Elizabeth fry
a quaker who promoted education for prisoners, spent her life reading the bible to prisoners and teaching them to read
what is a prison chaplain
dedicated staff member who allows prisoners access to their faith, to study a faith or to convert to a new one
often combine as a parole officer
for death penalty- christianity
old testament full of death penalty
sodum & Gomorrah
‘eye for an eye’
against death penalty- christianity
doesn’t allow for forgiveness
‘thou shall not kill’
no restorative justice
‘turn the other cheek’
for death penality- muslim
shariah law
Islam law is unchanging
‘nor take life- which god has made sacred, except for just cause’
