ISSA Nutritionist: Introduction Flashcards
What is food?
Organic material that delivers energy, essential nutrients and information to the body via the digestive tract
Zoochemicals
Components found in animal food sources
Organic
Obtained from living things
Vitamins
Organic compounds required by an organism as a vital nutrient in limited amounts
Minerals
Naturally occurring, inorganic substances
Inflammation
The reaction of a tissue to injury or infection, characterized by heat, redness, swelling, and pain
magnesium
The mineral magnesium plays a role in more than 300 enzyme systems and helps with protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood sugar control, blood pressure regulation, energy production, and transport of other minerals.
Phytochemicals
nutrients that only occur in plants.
Microbiome
The genetic content of all the microorganisms that inhabit the GI tract
Chronic diseases
A long-acting disease that does not quickly resolve, e.g., cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes
Epigenetics
The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself
Amino acids
The building blocks of protein. Organic compounds containing both COOH and NH2
Gene variants
Diversity in gene sequence within a population or among populations that are most commonly due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or copy number variants (CNVs)
Paleo
A diet built upon foods presumed to have been eaten by early humans
intermittent fasting
A diet that cycles between periods of eating and not eating
