Isomers

Question 1

molecules with the same chemical formula but different arrangements of atoms

Answer 1

isomers

Question 2

two main types of isomers

Answer 2

stereoisomers and structural isomers

Question 3

Two or more molecules that have the same atoms, but the atoms are bonded together differently

Answer 3

structural isomers

Question 4

Two or more molecules that have their atoms bonded in the same way, but the atoms are arranged differently in space

Answer 4

stereoisomers

Question 5

The location (carbon) where the isomer occurs is
called

Answer 5

stereocentre/stereogenic centre

Question 6

Two types of stereoisomers are

Answer 6

Geometric Isomers and Optical Isomers

Question 7

These isomers can have very different physical properties, but tend to have the same chemical properties.

Answer 7

Geometric Isomers

Question 8

The positioning of the groups around the C=C double bond allows alkenes to form stereoisomers.

Answer 8

alkene stereoisomers

Question 9

isomer has similar groups on the same side of the double bond, it is called

Answer 9

cis isomer

Question 10

isomer has similar groups on the opposite sides of the double bond, it is called

Answer 10

trans isomer

Question 10

isomer has similar groups on the opposite sides of the double bond, it is called

Answer 10

trans isomer

Question 11

Stereoisomerism can also occur in cyclic compounds.

Answer 11

cyclic stereoisomers

Question 12

Molecules with NON-
SUPERIMPOSABLE mirror
images are

Answer 12

chiral

Question 13

Molecules with
SUPERIMPOSABLE mirror
images are

Answer 13

achiral

Question 14

chiral, in a chiral environment, they have different chemical properties, meaning diff effects

Answer 14

enantiomers

Question 15

enantiomer whose optical activity rotates the light clockwise, dextrorotatory

Answer 15

(+)

Question 16

enantiomer whose optical activity rotates the light counterclockwise, levorotary

Answer 16

(-)

Question 17

formation of a racemic mixture of the enantiomers because of blood pH, they flip between r and s, causing side effects

Answer 17

racemization

Question 18

comparison to glyceraldehyde

Answer 18

d vs l

Question 19

If the priority of the substituent groups on the chiral carbon DECREASES in the CLOCKWISE direction, the enantiomer is

Answer 19

R

Question 20

If the priority of the substituent groups on the chiral carbon DECREASES in the COUNTERCLOCKWISE direction,

Answer 20

S

Question 21

examples of enantiomers

Answer 21

limonene (citrus), carvone (herbs)

Question 22

If a molecule has more than one stereocentre, some of the isomers will be enantiomers, and those that aren’t (NOT mirror images) are

Answer 22

diastereomers