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RS GCSE > ISLAMIC PRACTICES > Flashcards

ISLAMIC PRACTICES Flashcards

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1
Q

5 pillars of islam

A 
hajj-pilgrimage
zakah- charity
shahdah- statement of faith
salah- prayer
sawm- fasting
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2
Q

what did it say in muhammads final sermon

A

listen to me very carefully worship god, be steadfast in prayer, fast during Ramadan pay alms to the less fortunate

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3
Q

why are they known as pillars

A

they are five things which are said to uphold the faith

all pillars are needed for the practice of the Islamic faith just like all pillars are needed for a structure

all pillars have to be equal height like all pillars are of equal importance

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4
Q

why are the pillars important

A

they were instructed to be followed by the prophet Muhammad
they are known as the five things which uphold the Islamic faith
they outline how a muslim should worship and revere allah
they were mentioned by Muhammad in his final sermon

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5
Q

shahadah

A

the declaration of faith- there is no god except allah and Muhammad is the messenger of allah
it is a summary of the Islamic faith in two parts - the 1st part acknowledges the unique divinity of god (tawhid)
2nd part defines the positon of Muhammad as truly human and the messenger of god

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6
Q

the shahdad is part of the fiest…. and the last

A

words that a new born baby hears and the last statement a muslm will try to say before he dies

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7
Q

shahadah has to be professed unitl …. otherwise…..

A

death otherwise a person who abandons this commits the sin of apostasy

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8
Q

what does shahdah help to reinforce

A

belief in monotheism and to abstain from the sin of shirk

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9
Q

what does the shahdah reflect

A

it reflects belief in tawhid and it shows a muslims continued commitment to allah
it also highlights the importance of the prophet Muhammad as a role model of the faith

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10
Q

SALAH

A

prayer

carried out five times a day

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11
Q

what are the five daily prayers

A 
fajr- morning prayer
zuhr- midday prayer
asr- late afternoon prayer
maghrib- prayer after sunset
isha- night time prayer
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12
Q

what is wudu and why is it symbolic

A

is the ritual washing a muslim must do before salah prayers it is an symbolic action to reinforce the niyyah declaration that the beliver makes as they begin

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13
Q

what is said after wudu

A

I bear witness that there is no god but allah and he is one and has no partner. I bear witness that Muhammad is his servant and messenger

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14
Q

what do salah prayers involve

A

the recitation of phrases along with a sequence of movements in each prayer sequence and each one has a religious significance

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15
Q

what are jummah prayer

A

prayers during zuhr
muslims will line up in rows to carry out the rakahs
face direction of mecca
once salah is finished the imam delivers a sermon called khutbah

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16
Q

shia prayer

A

pray 5 times a day
allowed to join prayers together
pray of piece of wood

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17
Q

why do muslims perform rakaha

A

help structure the prayers
each one has special symbolism eg takbir - raising your hands to your ears and stating allah akbar symbolises the intention to focus on allah blocking out all other thoughts

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18
Q

importance of salah

A

5 pillars of islam
instructed to complete this duty by Muhammad in his last sermon
instructed to pray in the quran (62;9) (5:16)
method of communication with the one true god allah
dedicate time to allah

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19
Q

importance of jummah prayer

A

its important as it is stated in the quran when call for prayer on Friday hurry towards the remembrance of allah and leave all business
furthermore jum prayer is important as having prayed together there is a sense of unity and cooperation
also being able to spend time talking together in the mosque after prayer discussions can be had about issues that affect the ummah
Muhammad stated how important Friday is – the sun has neither risen nor set on a better day than friday

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20
Q

du’a

A

private prayer

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21
Q

during private worship what are muslims encouraged to do

A

call upon allah for forgiveness, guidance and strength

22
Q

praying with prayer beads

A

touches 1 bead at a time reciting words often the 99 names of allah or phrases

many muslims do not agree with the use of prayer beads because the ptophet Muhammad did not use them

23
Q

ZAKAH

A

zakah means purification
whether or not a muslim can afford to pay zakah is determined by whether their net worth is more than a certain amount- min amount nisab
in addition to this some muslims may choose to make further voluntary donations sadaqah

24
Q

what do shia pay

A

they pay 20% of their wealth
they pay khums as one the ten ogbligatory acts
khums is an Islamic tax on 20% of a persons excess earning

25
Q

why is zakah important

A

Muhammad linked giving to charity to being saved from hell itself
zakah is a way of making society fairer and showing practical concern for those in need

26
Q

SAWM

A

sawm is the fourth pillar of islam and one of the ten obligatory acts for shia islams
sawm is fasting during the month of Ramadan when muslims cannot eat drink or have sex during daylight hours

27
Q

where does it say to fast

A

in muhammads final sermon it says- listen to me very carefully, worship god, be steadfast in prayer, fast during Ramadan, pay alms to the less fortunate

‘so whoever of you lives to see (this month of Ramadan) should fast through it’ (surah baqrah 2;184)

28
Q

who is exempt from sawm

A

pregnant women and very young children

29
Q

benefits of sawm

A

sins forgiven by allah

develop self discipline in the obedience to allah

30
Q

how does allah show his goodness during ramadan

A

during Ramadan the gates of hell are locked and iblis is prevented from tempting muslims this shows allahs goodness as he aids muslims in their struggle against temptation

31
Q

iftar-
suhui-
maghrib-

A

iftar- meal that ends a days fast
suhui- pre dawn meal eaten during Ramadan
maghrib- is the evening prayer said before iftar

32
Q

why are the last ten days of Ramadan significant-

A

it is significant because the hadith states at this time the laylat al qadr (night of power) occurred- this is when Muhammad received the first revelations of the quran and the divine message of allah directing the ummah on Islamic beliefs and practice.

33
Q

HAJJ

A

pilgrimage to mecca

fifth pillar of islam

34
Q

what are muslims recommended to do before pilgrimage

A

discharge debt

seek forgiveness of anyone they have upset and restablish good relations with all

35
Q

it is a duty for

A

muslims to go on pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime

36
Q

what do muslims believe about pilgrimage

A

they believe if pilgrimage is accepted all of their sins are washed away

37
Q

what are men required to wear

A

ihram

2 sheets of white cotton, cloth

38
Q

irahm is..

A

the state of holiness that muslims are required to be in before beginning on hajj

39
Q

1st stage of hajj

A

in mecca- muslims say a prayer of intent, the niyyah
pilgrims circle round the Kaaba seven times in anticlockwise direction- during circling (tawaf) each muslim will be recting a verse from the quran

40
Q

2nd stage

A

say the running
running between two hills known as al safa al mama
muslims will move 7 times between the two hills as a reanctment of hagars search for water

41
Q

3rd

A

Arafat
after dawn prayer at mina, muslims travel to the mount of mercy at the plain or Arafat

they face towards the Kaaba as it is believed that the prophet Muhammad did

here they plead for the forgiveness of their sins

42
Q

4th

A

mina
pilgrims travel to mina and it is here that the stoning of iblis takes place there are three pillars that represent iblis muslims throw stones at each of the pillars
as pilgrims throw stones they are also demonstrating their own rejection of evil and iblis
pilgrims who can afford it are required to offer an animal sacrifice- reminder of allahs sacrificial ram for Ibrahim in place for ismail

43
Q

effect of hajj

A

greater sense of ummah among the pilgrims as they have worshipped together with more than 2 million muslims
many muslms will feel relieved of their weight of sin as they have pleaded with allah for forgiveness. this may dive them to be more obedient muslims in their everyday life

44
Q

JIHAD

A

JIhad is an Arabic word which literally means striving or struggling

45
Q

greater jihad

A

greater jihad is an inward, internal jihad or struggle. This is instructed in the quran ‘do greater jihad with the help of the quran (25:52) muslims may give to charity, give up smoking or follow 5 pillars of islam, to complete greater jihad

46
Q

evidence in the quran for greater jihad

A

do greater jihad with the help of the quran (25:52)

47
Q

more about greater jihad

A

inward jihad a continuous process all muslims must struggle with to try and keep to the ‘straight path’ and to please allah. they must control their personal desires and show complete obedience and commintent to allah their reward will be to enter al jannah

48
Q

what are the ways in which a muslim engages in greater jihad

A

learning the quran by heart, or engage in other religious study
overcoming things such as anger, greed, hatred or pride
giving up something

49
Q

lesser jihad

A

outward jihad, creating a fair and equal muslim society. this does not mean the world should be a muslim society. it means within the world the muslim society should be fair and equal

50
Q

quote for lesser jihad

A

let them be no compulsion in the religion of islam (2:256)

51
Q

conditions for lesser jihad

A 
the opponent must always have started fighting
it must not be fought togain territory
it must be launched by religious leader
it must be fought to bring about good- 
innocents must not be killed

RS GCSE (10 decks)

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