islam Flashcards
progress: what did muslims believe was important?
- learning, translated and built upon Greek + Roman medical texts
- understood importance of hygiene
- set up hospitals
progress: did they use observation?
used clinical observation
what limited progress?
- islam did not permit the dissection of human bodies
- appealing to muslim god Allah was encouraged to cure disease
what was the main difference between muslims and christians?
- islam = religious book the Hadith taught to use medicine
- christian = would teach prayer and repentance
how did medical progress spread?
Crusades
what did they invent?
distillation to make and prepare anaesthetic
three famous arab doctors?
avicenna, rhazes, ibn al-nafis
what could you do with a medical license ?
- doctors could open a practice anywhere
- many called themselves healers without license but Muslims did not stop them
what was important to islam
- charity and hospitals set up for the sick
- 1283 AD one hospital in Cairo gave out patients money , rest before returning to work
what did they develop, improved surgery?
highly successful anaesthetic, surgery much more painless
why were setting up hospitals significant?
set up in towns + cities to cure patients and train new doctors by awarding a medical license
what was so important about hygiene?
believed in excellent hygiene, good hygiene = healthy body
who was rhazes?
arab doctor worked as head doctor at the hospital in Baghdad
why was rhazes significant?
- wrote a book “el hawi” covered both arabic and greek medicine
- about 200 medical works in total (made many discoveries, mixture both cultures, ideas + difference between small pox + measles + wrote the first description of smallpox symptoms )
what was rhazes the first to notice?
- fever was the body’s natural impulse to heal itself
- first to consider allergies and to diagnose hay fever
why was Avicenna significant?
- wrote “Canon of Medicine” , own ideas + ideas of Galen + Hippocrates, form his own understanding
and “The Book of Healing” - used as medicine textbook into 17th century through Europe
how did avicenna’s work spread to the West?
translated into latin, circulated in west, through this greek learning was reintroduced to the Western countries
what discovery did ibn al-nafis have? (highly respected)
- great anatomical discovery about pulmonary circulation
- discovered how blood was circulated through the heart, disproved Galen’s theory on types of blood and holes in the heart
- closest to discovering the complete circulatory system until 17th century
what was a last resort in islam?
most surgery, happier without opening the body
what did albulcasis write?
scientific work on surgery, explaining processes and theories with diagrams
- most important for surgeon, prepare fully (know every cause of the illness, where everything is, best form of surgery = fast as possible reduce risk of death)
what medical equipment did islamic doctors invent?
stitching and scalpels
who was the most famous muslim surgeon?
abulcasis
