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Histopathology > IS > Flashcards

IS Flashcards

1
Q

The structure formed by the fusion of
engulfed material and enzymatic granules
within the phagocytic cell is called a

A

phagolysosome

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2
Q

Which of the following can be attributed
to Pasteur?

Discovery of opsonins
Research on haptens
First attenuated vaccines
Discovery of the ABO blood groups

A

First attenuated vaccines

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3
Q

The presence of normal flora acts as a
defense mechanism by which of the
following means?

Maintaining an acid environment
Competing with pathogens for nutrients
Keeping phagocytes in the area
Coating mucosal surfaces

A

Competing with pathogens for nutrients

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4
Q

Which of the following peripheral blood cells plays a key role in killing of
parasites?

Neutrophils
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils

A

Eosinophils

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5
Q

Which is the most significant agent
formed in the phagolysosome for the
killing of microorganisms?

Proteolytic enzymes
Hydroxyl radicals
Hydrogen peroxide
Superoxides

A

Hydrogen peroxide

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6
Q

Which of the following white blood cells is capable of further differentiation in the
tissues?

Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Monocyte

A

Monocyte

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7
Q

The process of inflammation is characterized by all of the following except

increased blood supply to the area.
migration of white blood cells.
decreased capillary permeability.
appearance of acute-phase reactants.

A

decreased capillary permeability.

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8
Q

Enhancement of phagocytosis by coating of foreign particles with serum proteins is called

opsonization
agglutination
solubilization
chemotaxis

A

opsonization

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9
Q

A latex agglutination test for CRP is run on a 12-yearold girl who has been ill for
the past 5 days with an undiagnosed disease. The results obtained are as
follows: weakly reactive with the undiluted serum and negative for both the positive and negative controls. What should the technologist do next?

Repeat the entire test
Report the results as indeterminate
Report the result as positive
Obtain a new sample

A

Repeat the entire test

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10
Q

Which of the following plays an important role as an external defense mechanism?

Phagocytosis
C-reactive protein
Lysozyme
Complement

A

Lysozyme

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11
Q

Which of the following are characteristics of acutephase reactants?

Rapid increase following infection
Enhancement of phagocytosis
Nonspecific indicators of inflammation
All of the above

A

All of the above

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12
Q

The action of CRP can be distinguished from that of an antibody in which of the following ways?

CRP acts before the antibody appears.
Only the antibody triggers the complement cascade.
Binding of the antibody is calcium-dependent.
Only CRP acts as an opsonin

A

CRP acts before the antibody appears.

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13
Q

Jenner’s work with cowpox, which provided immunity against smallpox, demonstrates which phenomenon?

Natural immunity
Attenuation of vaccines
Phagocytosis
Cross-immunity

A

Cross-immunity

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14
Q

Skin, lactic acid secretions, stomach acidity, and the motion of cilia represent
which type of immunity?

Natural
Acquired
Adaptive
Auto

A

Natural

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15
Q

Measurement of CRP levels can be used for all of the following except

monitoring drug therapy with anti-inflammatory agents.
tracking the normal progress of surgery.
diagnosis of a specific bacterial infection.
determining active phases of rheumatoid arthritis.

A

diagnosis of a specific bacterial infection.

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16
Q 
Which of the following would represent a doublenegative thymocyte?
1/1
CD2–CD3CD4–CD8+
CD2+CD3–CD4–CD8-
CD2–CD3+CD4+CD8-
CD2+CD3+CD4+CD8-
A

CD2+CD3–CD4–CD8-

17
Q

Which of the following can be attributed to antigen stimulated T cells?

Humoral response
Plasma cells
Cytokines
Antibody

A

Cytokines

18
Q

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Lymph node
Spleen
Thymus
MALT

A

Thymus

19
Q

Where does the major portion of antibody production occur?

Peripheral blood
Bone marrow
Thymus
Lymph nodes

A

Lymph nodes

20
Q

When does genetic rearrangement for coding of light chains take place?

Before the pre-B cell stage
As the cell becomes an immature B cell
Not until the cell becomes a mature B cell
When the B cell becomes a plasma cell

A

As the cell becomes an immature B cell

21
Q

Which of the following is true of NK cells?

They rely on memory for antigen recognition.
They share antigens with B cells.
They are found mainly in lymph nodes.
They recognize a lack of MHC proteins

A

They recognize a lack of MHC proteins

22
Q

Which of the following best describes the T-cell receptor for antigen?

It consists of IgM and IgD molecules.
It is the same for all T cells.
It is present in the double-negative stage.
Alpha and beta chains are unique for each antigen.

A

Alpha and beta chains are unique for each antigen.

23
Q 
In the thymus, positive selection of 
immature T cells is based upon 
recognition of which of the following?
1/1
Self-antigens
Stress proteins
MHC antigens
μ chains
A

MHC antigens

24
Q

Which receptor on T cells is responsible for rosetting with sheep red blood cells?

CD2
CD3
CD4
CD8

A

CD2

25
Q

Which of these are found on a mature B cell?

IgG and IgD
IgM and IgD
Alpha and beta chains
CD3

A

IgM and IgD

26
Q

Where are all undifferentiated lymphocytes made?

Bone marrow
Thymus
Spleen
Lymph nodes

A

Bone marrow

27
Q

Which is a distinguishing feature of a pre-B cell?

μ chains in the cytoplasm
Complete IgM on the surface
Presence of CD21 antigen
Presence of CD25 antigen

A

μ chains in the cytoplasm

28
Q 
What type of cells would be found in a 
primary follicle?
1/1
Unstimulated B cells
Germinal centers
Plasma cells
Memory cells
A

Unstimulated B cells

29
Q

What type of cells would be found in a primary follicle?

Unstimulated B cells
Germinal centers
Plasma cells
Memory cells

A

Unstimulated B cells

30
Q

What is the largest secondary lymphoid organ?

Lymph Node
Spleen
Bone Marrow
Liver

A

Spleen

31
Q

Which of the following antigens are found on the T cell subset known as helper/inducers?

CD3
CD4
CD8
CD11

A

CD4

Histopathology (14 decks)

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