Iron Age

Question 1

The Iron age was post-collapse of the Mycs and Mins

Describe what it looked like/what was left

Answer 1

no systems were left + low population
poverty and starvation
some regions worse than others
Loss of technology such as writing

Question 2

Describe the Dorian Invasion

Answer 2

Invaded Crete and the Myc and Mins

Many greeks were leaving due to dark ages so the dorians moved in and settles

Greeks immigrated across Aegean Sea to the Anotolian coast

Question 3

In the decline, the population was cut in half, foreign trade stopped and there was a loss of tech.
Still, what two inventions occured?

Answer 3

Potters wheel - used to create pottery, and many of the common geometrical shaped popular in this era

Iron - turned into steel to make weapons and tools, becomes the common standard as its more obtainable and easier to make

Question 4

We learnt about Society in the Early Iron Age from ______

Answer 4

Homer

Question 5

define basileus

Answer 5

leader of the town, likely due to the high class having had left
Not inherited; appointed/earned by the group in a peaceful manner

Question 6

define demos

Answer 6

The community, the people and everything associated with it; if you are apart of the society you are a part of the demos

“the demos is doing well”

Did not grow in land, was fixed

Question 7

define oikos

Answer 7

The family, land, buildings, livestock, farming etc

Question 8

define kleros

Answer 8

Your part of the demos; your section of land

Question 9

define akleros

Answer 9

Akleros - a person with no kleros

Question 10

How did this community of 100-200 ppl govern themselves with no fixed laws?

Answer 10

Guest protection - the demos has an obligation to protect anyone in their community, but only those in the same demos

It was therefore dangerous to travel, you had to find a family that would give you protection in the town you travelled to

Question 11

Define the Boule

Answer 11

a counsel - if there was a problem the counsel of people (the boule) along with the chief would make a decision - but the decision came down to the chief

Question 12

at the end of the iron age _____ was rediscovered

More specifically ______

Answer 12

Writing

The Alphabet
- had symbols that meant sounds, instead of symbols that meant words

Question 13

The end of the Iron age Included 4 things….

Answer 13

Prosperity - ppl were having more kids, which encourages them to settle in different places

Scarcity of kleros (land)

Groups overtaking other kleros by enticing them to leave - usually went to italy

Trade started to grow once again

Question 14

Define Panhellenism and how it came to be

Answer 14

the idea or advocacy of a union of all Greeks in one political body

• greek identity

How? They all had the same religion; they also all shared some same events s.a the olympics (panalletic activities)

Question 15

The greeks were all ________ in their religion

Answer 15

Polythesistic

Not just many gods but many forces, greeks embrace multiplicity

Question 16

Name the order of the periods

Answer 16

Bronze, Iron, Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic

Question 17

How did this community of 100-200 ppl govern themselves with no fixed laws?

Answer 17

the Boule - if there was a problem the counsel of people (the boule) along with the chief would make a decision - but the decision came down to the chief

Guest protection - the demos has an obligation to protect anyone in their community, but only those in the same demos
It was therefore dangerous to travel, you had to find a family that would give you protection in the town you travelled to

Question 18

____ are limited creatures, that behave like humans but on a larger scale

Answer 18

gods

Question 19

______ ______ have power in both life and dealth
Includes not only people but also mountains and rivers etc

Answer 19

Animistic spirits

Question 20

Define Hero

Answer 20

someone who after death still has certain powers on the world
Usually having a site you can go to to indulge in the power

Question 21

Difference between Ghosts and Heroes

Answer 21

Less controllable than heroes

Question 22

Define Magic

Answer 22

Instead of trying to bargain with entity you propel them to get something

Question 23

Religiously, the greeks embraced ________

Answer 23

Multiplicity

Greeks were able to accept multiple (all) stories about gods/forces (embracing multiplicity)
No absolute books, stories, devil
Not a lot of guidance on morals and how to behave

Question 24

Define Ecstatic Mystery religions

Answer 24

Hidden religions that would promise direct contact with these divine beings

Secret; so we don’t know much about it

There were levels and people would get deeper into them

Question 25

Define Eleusinian Mysteries

Answer 25

activities where people would go out, claim to come in close contact with the entities

Question 26

In the archaic age/iron age, puttery and art became ______ realistic

Answer 26

More realisitc

Naturalistic art - making things look more realistic, or more like something in the real world

Question 27

_____ ______ pottery is,

Series of black figured on red background
Extremely durable because of how it is made
Used two different colours of clay instead of paint

Answer 27

Black figure pottery

Question 28

Kouroi directly translated means young boy and referrers to naturalistic statues of naked ppl

there are two theories about the meaning

Answer 28

Theory 1 - focus on nudity and body is an aristocratic (upper class) thing where the image of youth and greatness can be achieved

Theory 2 - attention to the naked body is how they says that THIS is a human body; at the end this is all you have (eg. competing naked in the olympics) dats u bitty

Question 29

In statues women were always _____ and men were always _______

Answer 29

Women; clothed
Men; Naked