Iron Age Flashcards
The Iron age was post-collapse of the Mycs and Mins
Describe what it looked like/what was left
no systems were left + low population
poverty and starvation
some regions worse than others
Loss of technology such as writing
Describe the Dorian Invasion
Invaded Crete and the Myc and Mins
Many greeks were leaving due to dark ages so the dorians moved in and settles
Greeks immigrated across Aegean Sea to the Anotolian coast
In the decline, the population was cut in half, foreign trade stopped and there was a loss of tech.
Still, what two inventions occured?
Potters wheel - used to create pottery, and many of the common geometrical shaped popular in this era
Iron - turned into steel to make weapons and tools, becomes the common standard as its more obtainable and easier to make
We learnt about Society in the Early Iron Age from ______
Homer
define basileus
leader of the town, likely due to the high class having had left
Not inherited; appointed/earned by the group in a peaceful manner
define demos
The community, the people and everything associated with it; if you are apart of the society you are a part of the demos
“the demos is doing well”
Did not grow in land, was fixed
define oikos
The family, land, buildings, livestock, farming etc
define kleros
Your part of the demos; your section of land
define akleros
Akleros - a person with no kleros
How did this community of 100-200 ppl govern themselves with no fixed laws?
Guest protection - the demos has an obligation to protect anyone in their community, but only those in the same demos
It was therefore dangerous to travel, you had to find a family that would give you protection in the town you travelled to
Define the Boule
a counsel - if there was a problem the counsel of people (the boule) along with the chief would make a decision - but the decision came down to the chief
at the end of the iron age _____ was rediscovered
More specifically ______
Writing
The Alphabet
- had symbols that meant sounds, instead of symbols that meant words
The end of the Iron age Included 4 things….
Prosperity - ppl were having more kids, which encourages them to settle in different places
Scarcity of kleros (land)
Groups overtaking other kleros by enticing them to leave - usually went to italy
Trade started to grow once again
Define Panhellenism and how it came to be
the idea or advocacy of a union of all Greeks in one political body
- greek identity
How? They all had the same religion; they also all shared some same events s.a the olympics (panalletic activities)
The greeks were all ________ in their religion
Polythesistic
Not just many gods but many forces, greeks embrace multiplicity
Name the order of the periods
Bronze, Iron, Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic
How did this community of 100-200 ppl govern themselves with no fixed laws?
the Boule - if there was a problem the counsel of people (the boule) along with the chief would make a decision - but the decision came down to the chief
Guest protection - the demos has an obligation to protect anyone in their community, but only those in the same demos
It was therefore dangerous to travel, you had to find a family that would give you protection in the town you travelled to
____ are limited creatures, that behave like humans but on a larger scale
gods
______ ______ have power in both life and dealth
Includes not only people but also mountains and rivers etc
Animistic spirits
Define Hero
someone who after death still has certain powers on the world
Usually having a site you can go to to indulge in the power
Difference between Ghosts and Heroes
Less controllable than heroes
Define Magic
Instead of trying to bargain with entity you propel them to get something
Religiously, the greeks embraced ________
Multiplicity
Greeks were able to accept multiple (all) stories about gods/forces (embracing multiplicity)
No absolute books, stories, devil
Not a lot of guidance on morals and how to behave
Define Ecstatic Mystery religions
Hidden religions that would promise direct contact with these divine beings
Secret; so we don’t know much about it
There were levels and people would get deeper into them
Define Eleusinian Mysteries
activities where people would go out, claim to come in close contact with the entities
In the archaic age/iron age, puttery and art became ______ realistic
More realisitc
Naturalistic art - making things look more realistic, or more like something in the real world
_____ ______ pottery is,
Series of black figured on red background
Extremely durable because of how it is made
Used two different colours of clay instead of paint
Black figure pottery
Kouroi directly translated means young boy and referrers to naturalistic statues of naked ppl
there are two theories about the meaning
Theory 1 - focus on nudity and body is an aristocratic (upper class) thing where the image of youth and greatness can be achieved
Theory 2 - attention to the naked body is how they says that THIS is a human body; at the end this is all you have (eg. competing naked in the olympics) dats u bitty
In statues women were always _____ and men were always _______
Women; clothed
Men; Naked
