Homer, the Illiad Flashcards
describe lyric poetry
very personal
Dealing with specific experience
Much shorter than epic poetry
Sole task is to convey an emotion - lyrical painting - doesn’t have to make sense
Archilochus of Paros was a lyric poet. He had a mad love poem about two women where the mood changes quickly (common in lyric poetry)
What is the basis of this poem
He goes on about how much he loves his current hoe
Then goes on a roll insulting his ex wife
Then goes back to his current hoe, and cums all over her
Theogonis of Megara was lyric poet. He wrote a poem about poverty, what was his main point
“The poor man can’t say anything or do anything, because his tongue is tied”
Sappho of Lebos was a lyric poet. She is know as the best woman poet of all time
- how did she die?
- what is her view on love
- She was in love for this young man who rejected her, and then committed suicide because of it
- Love is not only the centre of sappho’s universe, it is her universe - sees love in everything and anything
For greeks _____ was an indicator of the quality of a person, and a very admirable thing
Sports
Explain the Gymnasium
- central part of community that was used for education as well as sports
what is the meaning of “pure athletics”
No team sports, not subjectivity in judging, just one person and all they have naturally to their means
Greeks did all their sports _____, which enforced objectivity
naked
what is the meaning of insomnia
“equality before the law”
Meaning when you go to court, the only thing a judge should listen to is the facts at hand
Adopted earlier in communities where athletics are prevalent
Describe the Panhellenic games were….?
a means for all the greeks to some together and compete in sporting competitions.
there are 4 of them, held one per year so they do not overlap
held as a part of religious festivals
Any greek could participate in the panhellenic games as long as they could prove their _______
greekness
The Olympic games were held for _____, at ______ and a ____ __ ______ was won by the victor
The Olympic games were held for ZEUS, at OLYMPIA and a WRATH OF OLIVES was won by the victor
How did Olympic competitors ensure their safety, considering they there leaving their polis and would not have guaranteed safety?
A truce was set not to harass olympic competitors
what happened on Day 1 of the Olympic games
Worship
Really is a religious festivals in which the athletic competition gradually took over
what happened on Day 2 of the Olympic games
(morning and midday)
Morning: Chariot/Horse Races
Midday: Pentathlon
Footrace, discuss, long jump, javelin, wrestling
The winner cumulative of the 5 gets prize
what happened on Day 3 of the Olympic games
(morning and afternoon)
Morning parade to altar of zeus
Sacrifice 100 cattle, burn them, bbq them, and set aside for banquet on day 5
Afternoon: “boys” events
Youths competing
what happened on Day 4 of the Olympic games
(morning and midday)
Morning: Footraces
200 yards
400 yards
4800 yards
Midday: contact sports
Wrestling
Boxing
Pankration: mixed martial arts, anything goes
Race in armour (hoplitodromos meaning hoplite race)
what happened on Day 5 of the Olympic games
Concluding worship and banquet
They eat the cows that they had sacrificed on day 3
what is a pre-Socratic philosopher
any philosopher that came before Socrates
what does cosmos means
order from chaos
Materialism asks what the universe is made of, what do these 4 kinds hold?
Thales
Anaximenes
Heraclitus
Xenophanes
Thales : water
says everything comes from water
At one point the entire earth was a globe of water
Anaximenes: air -
Everything is air in different degrees
Heraclitus: fire
Everything is fire compressed
Xenophanes:
Humans invented gods, we will never really know
what philosopher is associated with the formalists?
Pythagoras
what did the formalist Pythagoras hold
believed that numbers and music were the basis of the universe
They both have laws that govern them, and everything we see is a manifestation of those laws
Idea that your perception of reality is underpinned by basic laws that govern the universe
Harmony of heavenly spheres (sun, moon, planets) all move in harmonious (musical) ways
Who thought “If you change something, it still exists… nothing changes”
Paramenides
explain parmenides’ ideas on existence and change
If you change one thing in what exists, the result is that it is now what does not exist
Ie. our senses tell us that things are constantly changing but if they were really changing it wouldn’t exist. Thus out senses deceive us and nothing changes
Can cant get something that is from something that is not
Something either exists entirely or not at all, it can’t come about or change
who said “being is change” and that the universe in in constant state of change
Heraclitus
Empedocles and Democritus and both ______
Pluralists
who believed in the 4 elements: fire, water air, earth - constantly changing and reforming, the amount never changes but how they form does
Empedocles
who proposed the smallest broken down piece of the universe - the A-tom
Democritus
What is a sympotic vessel
a vessel used to dilute wine for symposiums
what is a symposium
an upper class, all male drinking party
A lot of poetry was written for symposia, particularly _____ poetry
lyric poetry
what is the meaning of Adream
“male room”
In preparation for symposia, men would
- wear flowers on their garments and douse themselves in oil
a large, open-mouthed bowl used for mixing wine with water, is called a
Krater
what type of women were allowed to go to symposia
HOES - prostitutes
before entering the symposia they would
They would pray to gods, pour out some wine, and then go to symposium
define symposiarch, and their role
dude in charge of the symposium
- Decides what they’ll sing about (theme)
- Also how many kraters they will drink
define komos
a ritualistic drunken procession performed by revelers in ancient Greece, whose participants were known as komasts
what does the sympotic ethos mean
the opportunity to meet other people
