Greek Life and Culture in 5th Century BC + Classic Greek Art, Democracy and Law Flashcards
Greeks were optimistic after _____ and _____ signed for peace in 445BC
athens and sparta
greek cities gradually adopted what from athens
athenian currency
each polis had a unique ______
culture
what is the acropolis
big building on hill Where they went for religious gatherings and ceremonies
Highest part of polis
Most temples found here
how was Pericles’ acropolis funded
funded by the Delian League
what were the two main architectural styles of temples in classical period?
where were they found
Doric - Found in the dorian region
Ionic - Found in ionia
how can we remember the difference between doric and ionic pillars
Doric - simple
Ionic - curved
the Trigyleh and Metope were found on _______ temples only
doric
what feature was unique to the Ionic temples
Prieze
In greek art, ______ ______ are front and centre
human beings
what is naturalisation
Naturalisation - trying to be realistic/representative of a things natural perfect form
the delphi charioteer (statue) was ____ than average
taller
what is the meaning of votive offering
someone had made a vow that if they won they would set up a statue
Riace warriors are tall, made of _______, and have a ____ indicating they are adults
made of bronze
beard indicating adult
what is Contrapposto
Looked for ways to still have balance but still have movement in the body (what the arm does on one side the leg does on the other)
Imbalance on one side, balance out by the other side
eg. one of the feet is slightly forward
______ was one of the first statues with motion, and measn man about to release disc
Discobolus
the artemision statue depicted a man ________ something
throwing
Doryphores means _____ carrier
spear
female statuary was always ______
clothed
for female statuary in the classical period, what did they use to accentuate the body whilst still clothes
drapery
what did an entirely naked picture of a woman indicate
she is a slave or non citizen
what is the Cella of the temple
The interior building
Where the altar to the god would be placed
the pronaos is the ____ of the temple
porch
what are the external series of columns called on a temple
Colonnade or peristyle
both the doric and ionic temples shared which same basic features?
(name like 4 minimum)
Capital
Doric - simple
Ionic - curved
Shaft
Pediments
Acroterion
Triglyph and Metope (doric only)
Prieze (ionic only)
Architrave
what does parthenon mean
virgin / building for the virgin
what are the metopes and triglyphs
what are some features of them
decorations on the top/sides of doric temples
based on certain theme
often revolve around order v chaos
we talked about 2 types of pediments; west and east.
which is which
a) Birth of Athena
b) Athena vs Poseidon
West side’s pediment - Athena vs Poseidon
East Side’s pediment - Birth of Athena
when you walk into an _____ temple you look up and see an extended frieze of a huge parade
ionic
what did the caryatid porch depict and why
enemies depicted in statues holding up roof
to boast victory
what is Athenian red figure pottery
red figured and black painted backgrounds
opposite of black figure pottery
t or f
the athenian assembly met 60 times per year
false dumbass
Roughly 40 meetings/year
permanent residents in athens had a bit of an advantage in voting at the athenian assembly
why?
because everyone HAD to go to athens to vote
not everyone could make the trip
what is the meaning of direct democracy/ radical democracy
The people had equal direct ability to vote on important decisions
what did people vote for in the athenian assembly
They voted on things like laws, whether they would got to war, or anything else that needed to be decided on
who could vote in the athenian assembly
call male citizens 18+
who decided on what was to be voted on
the council
Archons (and others) were chosen _______
randomly
what does strategoi mean
greek word ofr general
what was unique to the strategoi
only ones not chosen at random
what were liturgies
citizens took upon a favour for the community
how did people know about laws in athens
When laws were passed in athens they were posted so the whole polis knew
name some benefits and drawbacks of the athenian assembly
Benefits:
- Ensures citizens have equal access to political power
- Breaks up monopolies on power
Drawbacks:
- Just a bunch of amateurs running the government
- Lacks stability especially with increase of societal complexity
citizens would vote to ostracize those who did what
inhibited democracy
what is an ostratrata
a piece of clay used to write on whilst voting for who would be ostracism
how were jurors selected
at random
how did they protect against foolish/bad cases in their court of law
if you could get 20% of the jurors to agree with you, you lost the right to make cases
t or f
imprisonment in Athens was rare
true
how did the punishment fork for those convicted of crime
Each party proposes an amount of money owed, vote on the most appropriate
The greeks of Hesiod’s say had views the earliest state of the universe as a formless void they called ______
chaos
what does Kosmos mean
“cosmos” a greek word meaning both order and beauty
at the end of the classical era they began thinking about art and its ______
meaning
what did logographers do in relation to the judicial system
wrote speeches to be recited in court
