ionic bonding Flashcards
what is an ion?
an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons
what are negative ions called?
anions
when do anions form?
when atoms gain electrons
what are positive ions called?
cations
when do cations form?
when atoms lose electrons
all metals lose or gain electrons?
lose electrons-become positively charged ions
all non-metals lose or gain electrons?
gain electrons-become negatively charged ions
copper (II) formula?
Cu2+
iron (II) formula?
Fe2+
iron (III) formula?
Fe3+
lead formula?
Pb2+
zinc formula?
Zn2+
ammonium formula?
NH4+
what is the charge on group 5 non-metals?
3-
what is the charge on group 6 non-metals?
2-
what is the charge on group 7 non-metals?
1-
what is hydroxides formula?
OH-
what is carbonates formula?
CO3 2-
what is nitrates formula?
NO3-
what is sulfates formula?
SO4 2-
what is the formula for hydrogen carbonate?
HCO3-
what is ionic bonding?
the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
do ionic substances have high or low melting and boiling points?
high because there are many strong electrostatic forces
ionic compounds are usually ….. at room temperature?
solid
are ionic compounds volatile or non-volatile?
non-volatile
are ionic compounds usually water soluble or insoluble?
water soluble
for electrical current to flow there must be what?
freely moving charged particles
when can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
in the molten state or solution because they have ions that can freely move which can carry charge
why cant ionic compounds conduct electricity in a solid state?
because the ions are in fixed positions within the lattice and they are unable to move
