alcohols Flashcards
what are alcohols?
organic molecules containing an OH- functional group
what does the start of the name show?
the number of carbon atoms it has
what does the end of the name show?
-ol to show its an alcohol `
what are the 3 main categories of formula used to represent alcohols on paper?
molecular formula
structural formula
displayed formula
what does the molecular formula show?
just each element, only once
doesn’t show the structure of the molecule at all
what does the displayed formula show?
each atom and every bond drawn out
perfectly shows the structure of the molecule
what are the 2 methods to make ethanol?
hydration of ethene
fermentation of glucose
in hydration of ethene, what is ethene mixed with?
steam
what are the conditions for the hydration of ethene?
300 degrees celsius
65 atm pressure
phosphoric acid (H3PO4) catalyst
what raw material provides the ethene in the hydration of ethene?
crude oil
what are the advantages of the hydration of ethene?
makes pure ethanol
can run continously
what are the disadvantages of the hydration of ethene?
conditions require lots of energy
non- renewable raw material used
what happens in the fermentation of glucose?
glucose is fermented microbiologically under the following conditions:
yeast- provides enzymes
30 degrees celsius- enzymes optimum temperatures
anaerobic- prevents oxidation
what raw material in the fermentation of glucose provides the glucose?
sugar cane
what are the advantages of the fermentation of glucose?
renewable raw material used
conditions not energy intensive
