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chemistry > halogens > Flashcards

halogens Flashcards

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1
Q

halogens are what type of bonded?

A

covalently bonded

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2
Q

what type of substance are halogens?

A

simple molecular

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3
Q

what trends do halogens have?

A
  • diatomic
  • colours get darker down the group
  • MP/ BP increases down the group
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4
Q

what is flourine?

A

a very pale yellow gas

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5
Q

what is chlorine?

A

a pale green gas

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6
Q

what is bromine?

A

a brown liquid

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7
Q

what is iodine?

A

a dark grey solid

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8
Q

what is astatine?

A

a black solid

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9
Q

what do halogens and metals form when they react together?

A

ionic compounds

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10
Q

halogens need to lose or gain an electron?

A

gain an electron to fill their outer shell

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11
Q

why does melting and boiling point increase as you go down the group?

A
  • atoms have more electron shells
  • the extra electron is further away from the nucleus
  • its attraction to the nucleus is weaker
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12
Q

what is the chemical test for chlorine?

A

damp blue litmus paper- turns white

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13
Q

why does damp blue litmus paper turn white?

A

chlorine acts as a bleaching agent

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14
Q

HCL is what type of bonded and what type of substance?

A

covalently bonded and a simple molecular substance

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15
Q

why is HCL a gas?

A
  • it has a low boiling point
  • weak intermolecular forces
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16
Q

dissolving HCL in water?

A
  • HCL (g) dissolves to form HCL (aq)
  • HCL (aq) dissociates to form H+ (aq)
  • The H+( aq) is acidic
  • HCL (aq) is called hydrochloric acid
17
Q

dissolving HCL in methylbenzene?

A
  • HCL(g) dissolves to form HCL (org)
  • HCL (org) cannot dissociate
  • there is no H+ (org)
  • HCL (org) is not acidic
18
Q

what colour is chlorine (aq)?

A

colourless

19
Q

what colour is bromine (aq)?

A

yellow

20
Q

what colour is iodine (aq)?

A

brown

21
Q

what colour is KCL (aq)?

A

colourless

22
Q

what colour is KBR (aq)?

A

colourless

23
Q

what colour is KI (aq)?

A

colourless

24
Q

KCL + BR2?

A

-NO change
-STAYS yellow

25
Q

KCL + I2?

A

-NO change
-STAYS brown

26
Q

KBR + CL2?

A

-chlorine DISPLACES bromine
-colourless to YELLOW

27
Q

KBR + I2?

A

-NO change
-STAYS brown

28
Q

KI + CL2?

A

-chlorine DISPLACES iodine
-colourless to BROWN

29
Q

KI + BR2?

A

-bromine DISPLACES iodine
-yellow to BROWN

30
Q

what is the reactivity trend for chlorine, bromine and iodine?

A

chlorine > bromine > iodine

31
Q

what is the colour change due to in salt and halogen reactions?

A

the halogens as salts are colourless

32
Q

halogen displacement reactions are all what type of reactions?

A

redox reactions

chemistry (33 decks)

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