Investigating rural landscapes- Rivers

Question 1

What was the enquiry question?

Answer 1

To investigate how the characteristics of the River Chess changed downstream

Question 2

2 locations in the River Chess and their course?

Answer 2

Chesham Moor- upper course
Scotsbridge Mill- lower course

Question 3

Describe the location of the River Chess
2 reasons location is suitable

Answer 3

In Hertfordshire, tributary of River Colne
-Local area, easy to travel to, not too deep

Question 4

2 hypotheses

Answer 4

-Width will increase from source to mouth, increase in lateral erosion
-Velocity will increase from source to mouth, increased discharge, less friction

Question 5

3 methods of data collection

Answer 5

Width
Velocity
Field sketch

Question 6

Width
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?

Answer 6

Two people stand at each end of river bank, taught measuring tape just above water between them, record width at each site
Shows lateral erosion
Ad- quantitative, easy to see changes
Dis- vegetation made it hard to reach edge of bank

Question 7

Velocity
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?

Answer 7

Measure 10m down river, drop cork at start point, time until it reaches end. Divide 10 by seconds, repeat 5 times
Show less friction due to lateral erosion
Ad- repetition improves accuracy
Dis- people moving can affect it

Question 8

Field sketch
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?

Answer 8

Draw a diagram of the river and label key features
Show features like relief and river-cliffs
Ad- visual representation
Dis- could be misinterpreted w bad drawings

Question 9

Systematic sampling
Def?
How we used it? (river)
Ads & dis?

Answer 9

Samples at regular intervals
Depth along the width
Ad- Less errors as it is simple
Dis- Could be affected due to rocks

Question 10

Stratified sampling
Def?
How we used it? (river)
Ad & dis?

Answer 10

Taking a pattern into account
Site in upper and lower course
Ad- Can make comparisons between areas
Dis- Time consuming to plan

Question 11

Random sampling
How we used it? (river)
Ad & dis?

Answer 11

Picking a rock at each depth
Ad- representative
Dis- unconscious bias occurs

Question 12

2 hazards, their risks and preventions?

Answer 12

Drowning, could be injured, stay in shallow water
Slipping, could injure self, wear wellies

Question 13

3 methods of data presentation

Answer 13

Bar graph, line graph, field sketch

Question 14

Bar graph
Showed?
Ads & dis?

Answer 14

Width of River Chess at dif locations
Ad- quickly see increased width in lower course areas
Dis- hard to see specific readings,

Question 15

Line graph
Showed?
Ads & dis?

Answer 15

Velocity of River Chess at dif locations
Ad- quickly see increased velocity in lower course
Dis- hard to read exact amounts

Question 16

Field sketch
Showed?
Ads & dis?

Answer 16

Visible features of the river
Ads- visual representation of relief, meanders
Dis- non-numerical, harder to compare

Question 17

2 types of secondary data used and what they showed

Answer 17

Flood risk map- where to conduct investigation safely
Geology map- explained discharge due to permeability of rocks

Question 18

3 conclusions drawn?
Link to enquiry question?

Answer 18

-Velocity increased at Scotsbridge Mill (downstream) less friction, fits Bradshaw Model
-Depth increased at Scotsbridge Mill (downstream), fits Bradshaw Model, more vertical erosion
-Relief was less steep at Scotsbridge Mill (downstream), fits Bradshaw model