Changing Cities Flashcards
Rural
An area of open land, few homes, buildings, people
Urban
Settlement with high population density, lots of buildings
Urbanisation
Increase in percentage of people living in town and cities, causes them to grow
Population density
Average number of people per square kilometre
Emerging country and example
High and medium human development e.g China
Developing country and example
Low human development, a poor country e.g Kenya
Developed country and example
Very high human development e.g UK
Megacity
A very large city with over 10 mil population
Advantages of a big city for..
Economy?
Quality of life?
Income?
Opportunities?
Attract investment from overseas companies
Safe water & electricity more likely to be available
Variety of employment opportunities
Good secondary education
Push and pull factors for rural—>urban migration
Push- natural hazards, lack of jobs, few schools
Pull- healthcare, reliable food supplies, higher wages
2 key causes of urbanisation
Rural—>urban migration
Natural increase, births>deaths
3 effects of high urbanisation in a developed country
Overcrowding of houses and schools, pressure on public transport
3 effects of high urbanisation in a developing country
Few jobs, building of shanty towns, full schools
Order of the Burgess Model from inside out
CBD- Central business district; Inner city; Suburbs; Urban-rural fringe
Explanation of CBD, inner city, urban-rural fringe, suburbs
CBD- offices, shops, few houses
Inner city- oldest, terraced housing, few shops
Urban-rural- gardens & driveways, motorways, retail parks
Suburbs- bigger houses, main roads
Primary distribution
Measure of how spread out a population is in a given area
Primary industry
Producing, processing or extracting raw materials
Secondary industry
Constructing, manufacturing goods
Tertiary industry
Services for businesses and consumers,teachers
Quaternary industry
Skills for complex processing of technology
Distribution of UK’s population
Below Tees-Exe line, South east is more populated
Above Tees-Exe line, North west is less populated
Physical factors of UK’s population distribution
-North West is higher, mountainous, steep, igneous & metamorphic
-South East is lower, flatter, rich soil for farming, sedimentary rock
Historical factors of UK’s population distribution
-Industrial revolution created factory towns
-Majority of population live in big cities
Recent economic factor of UK’s population distribution
-London grew rapidly, centre of UK’s banking and communication industries
Political factors of UK’s population distribution
-Government situated in London, encourages firms to be close
Site
The land on which a settlement is built
Situation
Location of a settlement in relation to features like rivers and hills
Suburbanisation
Outward spread of built-up area
Counter-urbanisation
Movement of people from major cities to smaller settlements
Re-urbanisation
Movement of people back towards city centres from rural areas
De-industrialisation
The decline of industrial activity in a region
De-centralisation
Movement of people, factories and shops away from city centre
