Introduction to the Approaches Flashcards
What is Psychology?
The scientific study of the human mind and behaviour
What is the order that the approaches came about?
1) Psychodynamic approach
2) Behaviourist approach
3) Humanistic approach
4) Cognitive approach
5) Social Learning Theory
6) Biological Approach
(Please Be Happy, Cats salivate beautifully)
Who established the psychodynamic approach? When?
Freud - 1900s
Who established the behaviourist approach? When?
Watson and Skinner – 1913
Who developed the humanistic approach? When?
Rogers and Maslow - 1950s
When did the biological approach establish itself?
1980s onwards
When was the cognitive approach developed? What else happened at this time?
1950s - introduction of the computer
Who pioneered Social Learning Theory? When?
Bandura - 1960s
What was psychology referred to as before the 1870s? Who was involved?
Experimental philosophy - Locke and Descartes
What is the current method of studying psychology which is a bridge between cognitive and biological ideas?
Neuroscience
What is the behaviourist approach?
Behaviour is seen as a product of the environment - people learn through conditioning
What is structuralism?
Breaking down behaviours into their basic elements (e.g. Memory, sensation etc)
What is introspection? Who founded it?
Where people are asked to reflect on their own cognitive processes and report them – Wundt
What does the Psychodynamic approach emphasise?
The influence of the unconscious mind and childhood on behaviour
What does the humanistic approach involve?
The idea of free will and how we have the choice to determine our own decisions
