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Mycology PPT > Introduction to Mycology > Flashcards

Introduction to Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Human disease caused by a fungus

A

Mycosis/ mycoses

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2
Q

sexual reproductive phase of a fungus

A

Teleomorph

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3
Q

asexual form of the fungus; product of mitosis

A

Anamorph

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4
Q

having cross walls

A

Septate

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5
Q

w/o septations

A

Aseptate

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6
Q

beginning of a true hyphal element

A

Germ tube

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7
Q

Asexual spores formed by fragmentation of mycelia
onti rectangular, barrel-shaped,or cask-shaped, thick-walled spores.

A

Arthroconidia

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8
Q

Sexual spores produced in a round sac like ascus
that usually contains two to eight ascospores

A

Ascospores

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9
Q

Asexual conidia produced by formation of conidia by
simple budding from mother cells, hyphae, or pseudohyphae; budding si characteristic fo yeasts dna yeastlike fungi.

A

Blastoconidia

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10
Q

Thick-walled asexual conidia that are formed during unfavorable conditions and germinate when environment improves; greater in diameter than hyphae and may be observed at hyphal tip (terminal), within hyphal strand (intercalary), or on the sides of hyphae (sessile).

A

Chlamydoconidia

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11
Q

Large, round, multicellular structure that surrounds the asci and ascoporesuntil the structure ruptures, releasing the ascopores.

A

Cleistothecium

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12
Q

Dome-shaped, swollen sporangiophore tip that extends niot the sporangiophore.

A

Columella

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13
Q

Specialized, vegetative hyphae that act as stalks on which conidia are found.

A

Conidiophore

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14
Q

Asexual structures that form on the sides of hyphae or conidiophores; may be produced singly or ingroups; macroconidia are large and multicelled, whereas microconidia are usually smal and unicellular.

A

Conidia

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15
Q

Spindle-shaped conidium that is wider in the middle and narrows toward either end.

A

Fusiform

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16
Q

Outgrowth of a conidiumor spore that is the beginning of a hypha; on constriction is observed at the point of attachment. Germ tubes ear usually three to four times the length of the original yeast cel.

A

Germ tube

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17
Q

Tubelike structures that are the fundamental units of the fungus ; mani hyphae join to form the mycelium, which forms the colony of the fungus.

A

Hyphae

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18
Q

Flask-shaped ro vase-shaped structure that produces phialoconidia.

A

Phialide

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19
Q

Chains focells produced by budding that may resemble true hyphae.

A

Pseudohyphae

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20
Q

constricted at the septa and form branches that begin at the septation.

A

Pseudohyphae

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21
Q

Mass of pseudohyphae

A

Pseudomycelium

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22
Q

Pear-shaped conidia

A

Piriform

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23
Q

Large, round, thick-walled structure that contains spores characteristic of Coccidioides immitis in tissue.

A

Spherule

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24
Q

Asexual spore contained ni a saclike structure (sporangium) i n which spores are formed and held.

A

Sporangiospore

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25
Q

With knoblike projections

A

Tuberculate

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26
Q

Enlarged structure at the end of a conidiophore or sporangiophore that may bear phialides

A

Vesicle

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27
Q

is branch of Microbiology which deals with the study of fungi, molds and yeasts which are eukaryotic organisms.

A

Mycology

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28
Q

Fungi have ____________ in its cell wall

A

Chitin

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29
Q

_________________ in its cell membrane and they ___________

A

Ergosterol
Lack chlorophyll

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30
Q

2 morphological forms of fungi

A

Yeast
Mold

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31
Q

Unicellular

A

Yeast

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32
Q

Reproduce by sexual, asexual or airborne spores

A

Mold

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33
Q

Grows at room temperature

A

Mold

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34
Q

Colonies are moist, creamy, opaque and pasty

A

Yeast

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35
Q

Multicellular
-with tubular filamentous hyphae

A

Mold

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36
Q

Most reproduce asexually by budding

A

Yeast

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37
Q

They have similar microscopic and colonial morphology and require physical or biochemical test for identification.

A

Yeast

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38
Q

Grows at 37’C

A

Yeast

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39
Q

Colonies are fluffy, cottony, wooly or powdery

A

Mold

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40
Q

Eight key elements of a typical yeast cell:

A

Capsule
Cell wall
Cystoplasmic membrane
Bud
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Nuclear membrane
Vacuole

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41
Q

The outer part of the cell wal

A

Capsule

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42
Q

The protective layer surrounding the cell which gives the cell structure.

A

Cell wall

43
Q

The membrane controls the molecules and compounds
that come in and out of the yeast cell

A

Cystoplasmic membrane

44
Q

The new “daughter” cell, that eventually splits off from the original “mother” cell.

A

Bud

45
Q

The “powerhouse” of the cell where respiration occurs.

A

Mitochondria

46
Q

The part of cell containing DNA.

A

Nucleus

47
Q

The protective layer around the nucleus that controls flow of material in and out of the nucleus.

A

Nuclear membrane

48
Q

The sac inside the cell containing water and other liquids.

A

Vacuole

49
Q

the yeasts reproduce asexually by

A

Blastoconidia formation

50
Q

the yeasts reproduce sexually by

A

production of ascospores and basidiospores.

51
Q

are long branched chains of yeast cells with constrictions at the interface of elongated blastoconidia that remain attached after multiplication.

A

Pseudohyphae

52
Q

_______________ occurs by the production of multicellular filamentous colonies, which consisting of branching cylinder tubules called _____________

A

Mold
Hyphae

53
Q

The mass of hyphae that accumulates during active growth is a

A

Mycelium

54
Q

Fungi: Mold
Asexual as well as sexual reproduction can result in the production of

A

Spores

55
Q

2 TYPES OF FUNGI

A

Monomorphic fungi
Dimorphic fungi

56
Q

one phase only

A

Monomorphic

57
Q

Capable of two phases

A

Dimorphic fungi

58
Q

Mycelial or mold (filamentous form) at

A

25 to 30 degrees

59
Q

Yeast at

A

37

60
Q

tissue or invasive phase

A

Yeast at 37°C ( thermal dimorphism)

61
Q

inductive to man

A

Mycelial or mold

62
Q

Parts of Fungi

A

Hyphae
Mycelium

63
Q

microscopic unit of fungi

A

Hyphae

64
Q

long, branching filaments

A

Hyphae

65
Q

Dark colored

A

Dermatiaceous

66
Q

Colorless

A

Hyaline

67
Q

Mass or colony of hyphaw

A

Mycelium

68
Q

Organized body of hyphae

A

Fruiting body (e.g mushroom)

69
Q

intertwining structure composed of tubular filaments known as HYPHAE.

A

Mycelium

70
Q

Types of hyphae

A

Septate hyphae
SPARSELY SEPTATE/ COENOCYTIC HYPHAE (FORMERLY ASEPTATE)
Pseudohyphae

71
Q
  • have cellular separation or cross-walls.
A

Septate

72
Q

Diameter of septate hyphae

A

3 to 6 urn

73
Q

All fungi has septate hyphae except

A

Zygomycetes

74
Q

Continuous, few to no cellular separations or cross-walls

A

Sparsely septate/ coenocytic hyphae (aseptate)

75
Q

Diameter of sparsely septate/ coenocytic (aseptate)

A

5 to 15 urn

76
Q

Fungi that are aseptate

A

Zygomycetes (Rhizopus, mucor, absidia)

77
Q

chain of cells formed by budding that resemble true hyphae.

A

Pseudohyphae

78
Q
  • differ from true hyphae in that they are constricted at the septa, form branches that begin with septation, and have terminal cells smaller than other cells.
A

Pseudohyphae

79
Q

HYPHAE CLASSIFICATION:

A

Vegetative
Aerial

80
Q

function in food absorption and are the portion that extends below the agar surface or nutrient substrate.

A

Vegetative

81
Q

extend above the agar or nutrient substrate, and their function is to support reproductive structures called conidia.

A

Aerial

82
Q

heterogeneous molds characterized by a lack of pigmentation of hyphae

A

Hyaline molds

83
Q

invasion of tissue by non pigmented hyphae.

A

Hyalohyphomycosis

84
Q

MELANIZED/PIGMENTED

A

Dermatiaceous

85
Q

Heterogeneous molds characterized by dark pigmentation of hyphae Hundreds of species known to cause disease in humans

A

Dermatiaceous

86
Q

invasion of tissue by pigmented hyphae

A

Phaeohyphomycosis

87
Q

Fungi that can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

A

Perfect fungi

88
Q

Fungi that can reproduce only by asexual means.

A

Imperfect fungi

89
Q

Requires the formation of specialized fungal structures

A

Sexual reproduction

90
Q

formation of specialized fungal structures

A

Spores

91
Q

Fungi that undergo sexual reproduction are termed

A

Perfect fungi

92
Q

Sexual reproduction types of spores

A

Ascospores
Basidiospores
Oospores
Zygospores

93
Q

Spores contained in a saclike structure

A

Ascospores

94
Q

Spores contained in a club-shaped structure

A

Basidiospores

95
Q

Spores resulting from the fusion of cells from two different hyphae

A

Oospores

96
Q

Spores resulting from the fusion of two identical hyphae

A

Zygospores

97
Q

Only involves division of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

A

Asexual reproduction

98
Q

Fungi that undergo asexual reproduction are termed

A

Imperfect fungi

99
Q

Imperfect fungi are the only fungal group to produce _______

A

Conidia

100
Q

are sporelike asexual reproductive structures not produced by cleavage, conjugation, or free-cell formation.

A

Conidia

101
Q

Conidia are only formed by the

A

Imperfect fungi

102
Q

Conidia classification is based on conidia morphologic
development.

A

Microconidia
Macroconidia

103
Q

are single-celled, small conidia.

A

Microconidia

104
Q

are multicellular, large conidia.

A

Macroconidia

Mycology PPT (7 decks)

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