Introduction to disease Flashcards
Define histopathology
The study of diseased tissues
Define disease
An impairement of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
Define Incidence
Number of new cases in a specific population in time
Define prevalence
Number of individuals affected in a given population over a certain period of time
Define epidemiology
The spread of disease geographically and demographically over time
What criteria make a factor likely to be causal for a disease?
- biologically plausible
- disease associated with prior exposure
- there is a dose relationship
- removal of the factor lessens risk
What is aetiology?
The cause of disease
Define pathogenesis
The sequence of events in response to aetiological agents/mechanism by which disease is caused
What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
- persisitent cough
- couhging up blood
- persisitent breathlessness
- unexplained tiredness
What is the aetiology of lung cancer?
- tobacco smoking
- asbestos
- radiation
What is the difference between primary and secondary disease?
Primary disease is the initial disease whilst secondary disease follows on from and is the result of primary disease
What is the difference between the cells involved acute and chronic disease?
Acute involves neutrophils whilst chronic involves lymphocytes and fibroblasts
What is an embolus?
A mass (such as an air bubble, detacjed blood clot, or foreign body) that travels in the blood stream and lodges in a blood vessel
Which organ is most susceptible to haemodynamic disorders?
The brain
What are haemodynamic disorders?
Disorders between an imbalance between blood supple and demand
