Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Disease and Defence > Chronic inflammation > Flashcards

Chronic inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three outcomes of acute inflammation?

A
  • Restoration of full tissue health
  • Scarring/fibrosis
  • Inability to clear damage/eradicate infectious agent leading chronic inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What cells are key to the resolution of acute inflammation?

A

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What indicates a macrophage has moved from the pro-inflammatory phenotype to the pro-healing phenotype?

A

Different types of cytokines are secreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What acts as a stimulus to signal the resolution of inflammation for macrophages?

A

Apoptotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Outline the mechanisms of fibrosis

A

*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the characteristics of acute inflammation?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation?

A
  • Mononuclear cells
  • Tissue destruction
  • Angiogenesis and fibrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the primary mediators of acute inflammation?

A
  • IL-1
  • TNF
  • Vasoactive amines
  • Prostaglandins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the primary mediators in chronic inflammation?

A
  • IFN-γ
  • T cell cytokines
  • Growth factors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the effects of T lymphocytes secreting cytokines in a chronic inflammatory response?

A
  • Macrophage recruitment into the area
  • Production of inflammatory mediators
  • Recruitment of other lymphocytes
  • Destruction of target cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the effector mediators of chronic inflammation?

A
  • TGF-β
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor
  • Metalloproteinases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of TGF-β?

A
  • Chemotaxis and proliferation of fibroblasts
  • Stimulation of fibroblasts
  • Fibrosis
  • Strongly immumosuppressive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of metalloproteinases?

A

Remodelling of the extracellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is granulomatous inflammation?

A

Inflammation caused by the aggregation of tissue macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does granulomatous inflammation occur?

A

In fungal infections and allergic reactions to beryllium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does TB shield itself from the rest of the immune system?

A

The bacteria live inside macrophages

17
Q

What is the relationship between TB and HIV?

A

1/3 of people living with HIV are infected with HIV

18
Q

What are the critical hosts for HIV within the body?

A

CD4 T cells and macrophages

19
Q

What is multiple sclerosis characterised by?

A

CD4 T cells recognising proteins of the myelin sheath

20
Q

How can obesity activate the inflammasome?

A

It can cause mitochondrial damage which activates the inflammasome

21
Q

How can obesity stimulate macrophages?

A

Fatty acid overload stimulates macrophages

22
Q

How can macrophages support cancer growth?

A
  • tumour associated macrophages mistake the tumour as a tissue which needs to be rebuilt
  • presolving macrophages drive tumour growth
  • Support metabolically by inducing angiogenesis

Disease and Defence (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions