Introduction to Bacteria, fungi and parasites

Question 1

What is the difference between sterile and non-sterile sites?

Answer 1

Sterile sites should contain no micro-organisms, commensal or otherwise. e.g. blood, lungs, CSF

Question 2

How can viruses be detected?

Answer 2

Inoculating cell lines.
Electron microscopy
Antigen detection

Question 3

How are cocci and bacilli shaped?

Answer 3

Cocci-spherical

Bacilli-Rod shaped

Question 4

What are penicillin binding proteins in a bacterial cell?

Answer 4

Enzymes which synthesise peptidoglycans (cell wall)

Question 5

What is the function of peptidoglycans in a bacteria cell?

Answer 5

Gives the cell strength and shape

They are carbohydrate polymers cross linked with amino acids.

Question 6

What is the role of lipopolysaccharides in bacteria cells?

Answer 6

They are a component of the Gram Negative cell wall

Question 7

What are the 3 main divisions of fungi and some main examples?

Answer 7

Basidiomycetes- moulds and mushrooms
Ascomycetes- moulds and yeasts
Zygomycetes- Moulds

Question 8

What are the 2 types of fungal infection?

Answer 8

Dermatophytes- digest keratin, infect skin

Systemic-Candida, (yeasts), skin, mouth, nail, vaginal infections

Question 9

What are the main groups of parasites and examples

Answer 9

Protozoa- malaria
Helminths- Nematodes, Schistomiasis
Arthropods- Ticks