Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology - Laboratory Flashcards by qiqinism Unknown

is the universally accepted standard
position that scientists and medical professionals use to communicate information concerning parts of the body.

Anatomical Position

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 important things to consider in Anatomical Position

the body is erect and facing forward
the arms are straight and at the sides of the body with the palms facing forward
and the feet are slightly apart, with the toes pointing forward.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

other word for anterior

ventral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Directional Terms

anterior, posterior, inferior, superior, distal, proximal, medial, laterial, superficial, deep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Toward the back

posterior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

positioned face-down with their head in a neutral position without excessive flexion, extension or rotation; downward.

Prone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the individual is lying on their back, with their face and abdomen facing upwards

Supine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Toward the front

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

other word for superior

cranial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Toward the head

superior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

other word for inferior

caudal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Toward the tail

inferior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Closer to the midline of the body or a body part; on the inner side of

medial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Closer to the point of origin

proximal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the buttocks

gluteal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Farther away from the point of origin

distal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Farther away from the midline of the body or
a body part; on the outer side of

lateral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the abdomen

abdominal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Closer to the surface

superficial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the head

cephalic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the neck

cervical

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the back of the body

dorsal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Farther below the surface

deep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the lower back

lumbar

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pertaining to the groin

inguinal

pertaining to the foot

pedal

pertaining to the palm

palmar

pertaining to the back of the head

occipital

pertaining to the hand

manual

pertaining to the pelvis

pelvic

pertaining to the sole of the foot

plantar

pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee

popliteal

pertaining to the sacrum

sacral

pertaining to the pubis

pubic

pertaining to the nose

nasal

pertaining to the sternum

sternal

pertaining to the posterior surface of the leg

sural

pertaining to the chest

thoracic

pertaining to the spinal column

vertebral

pertaining to the cheek

buccal

pertaining to the cranium

cranial

pertaining to the forehead

frontal

pertaining to the bony eye socket

ocular

pertaining to the chin

mental

pertaining to the mouth

oral

pertaining to the ear

otic

pertaining to the point of the shoulder

acromial

pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow

antecubital

pertaining to the armpit

axillary

pertaining to the forearm

antebrachial

pertaining to the arm

brachial

pertaining to the wrist

carpal

pertaining to the fingers

digital

pertaining to the metacarpals

metacarpal

pertaining to the thumb

pollex

pertaining to the hip

coxal

pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg

crural

pertaining to the toes

digital

pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee

patellar

pertaining to the thigh

femoral

pertaining to the ankle

tarsal

the inner layer of the membrane covers the organ and is called the

visceral layer

The two major body cavities are the

dorsal (posterior) cavity and the ventral (anterior) cavity

pertaining to the great toe

hallux

pertaining to the metatarsals

metatarsal

houses the spinal cord

vertebral (spinal) cavity

dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the

cranial cavity and vertebral (spinal) cavity

covers the lungs

pleura

houses the brain

cranial cavity

covers the heart

pericradium

The ventral body cavity is divided by the diaphragm into the

thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.

heart

enclosed by the pericardial cavity

The mediastinum contains numerous organs, including the

esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and heart

The ventral body cavity is divided by the ______________

diaphragm

thoracic cavity can be subdivided into the _________________________

medial mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities.

Inferior to the diaphragm is the

abdominopelvic cavity

abdominopelvic cavity consists of the

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

contains the digestive organs

abdominal cavity

pelvic cavity

urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.

covers most of the abdominal organs

peritoneum

Most of the organs in the ventral body cavity are surrounded by

serous membranes

the outer layer of the serous membrane is the

parietal layer

thin, doublelayered sacs

serous membranes

4 quadrants of abdominopelvic cavity

the right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Anatomists subdivide the abdominopelvic cavity into nine regions:

the right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric or pubic, and left iliac regions

is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis; it divides the body into right and left parts.

sagittal plane

other term for midsagittal

median

divides the body into equal right and left parts

midsagittal (median) plane

divides the body into unequal right and left parts.

parasagital plane

other term for frontal

coronal

is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis; it divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

frontal (coronal) plane

other term for transverse

cross-section

is a section made perpendicular to the body’s longitudinal axis; it divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

transverse plane (cross-section)