Introduction (incomplete) Flashcards
Define Anatomy
The scientific study of body structures and their relationships.
Define Physiology
The scientific study of body functions, how the body parts work.
Define Pathology
The scientific study of a disease or disease process. This process will include the causes and mechanisms (pathophysiology) by which disease is produced.
List in order the six levels of organization.
- Chemical level
- Cellular level
- Tissue level
- Organ level
- System level
- Organismal level
Which level of structural organization do atoms and molecules belong to?
Chemical level.
What are cells?
The basic structural and functional units of an organism.
What are tissues?
Groups of similarly specialized cells and the substances surrounding them that usually perform certain special functions.
What are organs?
Structures composed of two or more different tissues that have specific functions.
What are systems?
Related organs that have a common function.
What is a human organism?
A living individual that is a collection of structurally and functionally integrated systems.
Name the twelve organ systems.
- Muscular
- Skeletal
- Cardiovascular/Circulatory
- Lymphatic
- Endocrine
- Nervous
- Urinary
- Digestive
- Respiratory
- Integumentary
- Reproductive (Female)
- Reproductive (Male)
NEED TO ADD HOMEOSTATIC FEEDBACK SYSTEMS
Define the prefix hyper-
Over, above, excessive.
Define the prefix hypo-
Under, below, low.
Define the prefix epi-
Upon, over, around or besides.
Define the prefix iso-
Equal, similar, identical.
Define the prefix a-, or an-
Not, without.
Define the prefix intra-
Within.
Define the prefix inter-
Between.
Define the prefix extra-
Outside, except, beyond.
Define the prefix haemo-
Blood.
Define the prefix chondro-
Cartilage or grain.
Define the prefix cardio-
Heart.
Define the prefix nephro-
Kidney.
Define the prefix osteo-
Bone.
Define the prefix arthro-
Joints
Define the prefix myo-
Muscle.
Define the prefix pulmo-
Lung.
Define the prefix gastro-
Stomach.
Define the prefix hepato-
Liver.
Define the prefix cerebro-
Brain.
Define the prefix cyto-
Cell.
Define the prefix histo-
Tissue.
Define the prefix leuco-
White.
Define the prefix erythro-
Red.
Define the prefix neuro-
Nerve.
Define the prefix phago-
Eating, devouring.
Define the suffix -aemia
Abnormal blood condition.
Define the suffix -uria
Presence in the urine.
Define the suffix -itis
Inflammation.
Define the suffix -lysis
Destruction, decomposition, separation, breakdown.
Define the suffix -ology
Field of study.
Define the suffix -osis
State, condition, action, process.
Define the suffix -osis
State, condition, action, process.
Define the suffix -trophy
Nourishment, feeding, growth.
What are the anatomical directional terminology pairs?
- Anterior (front) and Posterior (rear).
- Superior (towards head) and Inferior (away from head).
- Medial (near midline) and Lateral (away from midline).
- Proximal (near trunk) and Distal (away from trunk) within one limb.
- Ventral (underside) and Dorsal (back/upper side).
If the body is lying face down which reclining position is it in?
Prone.
If the body is lying face up which reclining position is it in?
Supine.
Define ventral.
Underside.
Define dorsal.
Back/upperside.
Define anterior.
Front.
Define posterior.
Rear.
Define superior.
Towards head.
Define inferior.
Away from head.
Define medial.
Towards midline.
Define lateral.
To the side/away from midline.
Define proximal.
Towards trunk.
Define distal.
Away from trunk.
Define superficial.
On skin/surface.
NEED TO ADD JOINT MOVEMENTS
