Introduction

Question 1

What is the role of HMIT?

Answer 1

• Highly complex and changing human needs and abilities
• Innovation and creative design processes
• Complex new media landscape

Question 2

What is human media interaction theory?

Answer 2

The cognitive-psychological study of how people interact with media and how design features may affect these processes

Question 3

How does new media use impact cognitive function?

Answer 3

• Immediate effects (e.g. attention)

- Long-term effects (e.g. attention, multitasking, smartphone addiction)

Question 4

What are the steps of the common model of human cognition?

Answer 4

1. stimulus
2. Attention
3. Perception
4. Thought processes
5. Decision
6. Response or action

Question 5

What are the different attention domains?

Answer 5

• Selective attention
• Divided attention
• Switching attention
• Vigilant attention

Question 6

What is selective attention?

Answer 6

refers to the ability to attend to a certain stimuli/task while disregarding others that are irrelevant to the task at hand

Question 7

What is divided attention?

Answer 7

Described the processing/performance of two or more sources of information/tasks at a given time

Question 8

What is switching attention?

Answer 8

Refers to the ability to attend to a given task after having just attend to a different one

Question 9

What is vigilant attention?

Answer 9

Describes the process of sustaining attention to monotonous intellectually unchallenging tasks over periods longer than 10 seconds up to many minutes

Question 10

What are the two points of attentional control?

Answer 10

• Bottom-up attentional control: Physical salience attracts attention
• Top-down attentional control: Goals & expectations determine what you attend to more internal

Question 11

What is relevance history?

Answer 11

Attend what worked for you in the past
What has been relevant for you in the past
Even stimuli that lack physical salience can capture attention in an automatic way through their relevance history. This is neither truly bottom-up nor top-down

Question 12

What is attentional control bottom-up?

Answer 12

Bottom-up: physical salience for example the color outlier or push-notification

Question 13

What is attentional control for top-down?

Answer 13

Top-down: goal-based, based on expectations, voluntary. E.g. press the button as soon as you detect a star.

Question 14

What are immediate effects of smartphone impact on attention?

Answer 14

A smartphone visibly present distracts even when not providing any stimulation

Question 15

What are long-term effects of smartphone impact on attention?

Answer 15

e.g. after 10 days of 1h/d action videogaming, people who never played before improve attention (Green and Bavelier, 2003)

Question 16

What is sensation?

Answer 16

• Conversion of physical energy into neural codes recognized by the brain
• Sensation is the initial step of gathering stimulus information
• A physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens or comes in contact with the body

Question 17

What for different senses do you have with sensation?

Answer 17

• Sight: eye, colors, patterns etc.
• Hearing: ear, noises, tones
• Skin-sensations: skin touch, pain, warmth, cold.
• Smell: nose, colors (musky, flowery, burnt)
• Taste: tongue, flavors (sweet, sour, salty, bitter)
• Vestibular sense: inner ear, spatial movement
• Kinesthesis: muscles, tendons, movement and position of body parts

Question 18

What is perception?

Answer 18

• Process beyond sensation: making sense of sensation
• Processing and organizing the row information
• Forming a coherent representation of the world
• Using the representations to solve problems in the real (navigating, comprehending, planning)

Question 19

What is bottom-up perception?

Answer 19

• What attentional systems have gated through
• For example, if you see an image of an individual letter on your screen, your eyes transmit the info to your brain and your brain puts all the info together

Question 20

What is top-down perception?

Answer 20

• Role of pre-existing knowledge and ongoing thoughts. Context effects
• Involves active of pre-existing knowledge to ultimate provide meaning
• Perception involves bottom-up AND top-down
• e.g with ABC and 12 13 14