Introduction

Question 1

What age do children get treated in paediatrics?

Answer 1

<16, <25 with learning disability

Question 2

What are physical differences in chldren?

Answer 2

They are smaller but proportionately different - bigger head

Question 3

What is the deifinition of failure to thrive?

Answer 3

Failure to achieve expected growth

Question 4

Why should BMI not be used for growth?

Answer 4

Children at different ages have different expected BMI

Question 5

What are physiological difference in childrne?

Answer 5

Different surfacearea:volume
Different water content
Different metabolic reserves - more easily get cold, dehydrated, and hypoglycaemic
Higher pulse and resp rate
Lower blood pressure - maintained until very shocked
Immune system is surprisingly good - vaccines and infections improve immunity

Question 6

What are features of ketotic hypoglycaemia?

Answer 6

Hypoglycaemic episode at 6-7am
typically 1-2 year old
Skinny
Intercurrent illness

Question 7

What happens to immune system?

Answer 7

Mother passes antibodies from birth - these die after 4 months reducing immunity
Afterward child is infected with other pathogens which builds it up

Question 8

Why is asking about chickenpox useful?

Answer 8

Gives an idea of how functional immune system is

Question 9

What stages of childhood affect psychology?

Answer 9

Terrible two’s - child starts to develop independence - not compliant
Latent phase - primary school age - children being children
Adolescent phase - absolute cunts - treat like adults

Question 10

What are examples of chronic conditions with a childhood onset?

Answer 10

Asthma (COPD)
Autism
Cerebral palsy
Cystic fibrosis
Gastroschisis
Hirschsprungs disease
Spina bifida

Question 11

What healthcare professionals are involved in child health?

Answer 11

Mostly general practice
Emergency phyisicians
Neonatologists
Community paediatricians
Orthopaedic surgeons
Medical paediatricians
Paediatric surgeons

Question 12

What is the commonest age of acute presentation?

Answer 12

<2

Question 13

What is the most common management of acute admissions?

Answer 13

Watch and observe - many get better themselves

Question 14

What is the most common system affected in acute admissions of children?

Answer 14

Respiratory

Question 15

Are children naturally healthy?

Answer 15

No - they require the right environment to develop and thrive

Question 16

What non-NHS policies affect children?

Answer 16

Housing
Education
Environmental
Food availability