introduction

Question 1

Limiting Factor

Answer 1

Anything that makes it more difficult for a client to achieve optimal results.

Question 2

Genetics

Answer 2

Specific, inherited DNA of an organism, which influences what they become, although environment also plays a key role in the expression of an organism’s genetic code.

Question 3

Metabolic

Answer 3

Pertaining to the chemical reactions and physiological processes necessary to ensure life.

Question 4

Energy Balance

Answer 4

Relationship between all sources of energy intake and energy output; an organism is said to be in energy balance when energy flow into the body and out of the body is equal; often evidenced by a stable body weight.

Question 5

Nutrient Density

Answer 5

Foods that provide substantial amounts of nutrients with only the necessary calories.

Question 6

Health

Answer 6

State of physical well-being and optimum function that should be assessed through medical tests, including blood assessments, cardiovascular tests, and other screening modalities.

Question 7

Body Composition

Answer 7

Relative relationship between lean body mass (which includes bone mass, body water, muscle mass, and organ mass) and fat mass (which includes adipose tissue and intratissue fat deposits.)

Question 8

Performance

Answer 8

Function, action, or operation, whether athletically or in daily life.

Question 9

Outcome-based

Answer 9

Use of specific, measurable outcomes and evidence to make decisions, rather than nebulous or dogmatic definitions of what’s “good” or “correct”.

Question 10

Laws of Thermodynamics

Answer 10

Principle that govern energy exchange, including heat exchange and the performance of work.

Question 11

Positive Energy Balance

Answer 11

When energy flow into the body exceeds energy flow out of the body, often evidenced by an increasing body weight.

Question 12

Negative Energy Balance

Answer 12

When energy flow out of the body exceeds energy flow into the body, often evidenced by a decreasing body weight.

Question 13

Insulin Resistance

Answer 13

Condition in which normal amounts of the hormone insulin are inadequate to produce a normal response from fat, muscle, and liver cells.

Question 14

Calorie Density

Answer 14

Energy provided per unit of food; high caloric density foods provide many calories in a small portion while low caloric density foods provide fewer calories in a larger portion.

Question 15

Satiation

Answer 15

The state of being satisfactorily full.

Question 16

Ergogenic

Answer 16

Physical or mental performance-enhancing strategies.

Question 17

Social Support

Answer 17

Network of individuals that provides positive feedback, constructive criticism, and encouragement for one’s lifestyle choices.

Question 18

Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)

Answer 18

Nutritional advice intended to treat a variety of conditions and illnesses, the provision of which is the exclusive domain of trained and licensed nutrition professionals.

Question 19

Cross-Referral System

Answer 19

System in which two health and fitness professionals (such as a physician or personal trainer) actively recommend each other’s complementary services to their own clients and patients.