Ch:8 Water and Fluid Balance

Question 1

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)

Answer 1

Method of body composition measurement; estimates total body water by determining the opposition to flow of an electrical current.

Question 2

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

Answer 2

Fluid inside of the cells.

Question 3

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Answer 3

Fluid outside of cells.

Question 4

Solvent

Answer 4

A liquid or gas that dissolves a solid, liquid or gaseous solute.

Question 5

Fluid Balance

Answer 5

When fluid output matches fluid input.

Question 6

Dehydration

Answer 6

Loss of water and salts necessary for normal body functioning.

Question 7

Insensible Water Losses

Answer 7

Loss of water via skin, evaporation and the respiratory tract.

Question 8

Solute Load

Answer 8

Load that a substance presents to the kidney.

Question 9

Hyponatremia

Answer 9

Low levels of blood sodium.

Question 10

Hypotonic

Answer 10

Osmotic pressure lower than that of a solute in which it is compared.

Question 11

Electrolytes

Answer 11

Compound that when placed in solution becomes an ion; regulates flow in and out of cells.

Question 12

Plasma Volume

Answer 12

Amount of plasma in circulation.

Question 13

Cardiac Output

Answer 13

Volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.

Question 14

Osmolarity

Answer 14

Concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution.

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Answer 15

A major regulator of the body, located deep in the brain, that controls basic functions such as hunger, thirst, and sexual reproduction.

Question 16

Osmoreceptors

Answer 16

Sensory receptor that detects changes in osmotic pressure.

Question 17

Hypovolemic

Answer 17

Low blood volume.

Question 18

Euvolemic

Answer 18

Normal blood volume.

Question 19

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Answer 19

Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that helps to control body water.

Question 20

Hypervolemic

Answer 20

High blood volume.

Question 21

Cerebral Edema

Answer 21

Excessive fluid in the brain.

Question 22

Aldosterone

Answer 22

Water- and electrolyte- regulating hormone released by the adrenal cortex.

Question 23

Osmolytes

Answer 23

Organic compounds that affect osmosis.

Question 24

Osmosis

Answer 24

Movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 25

Renin-Angiotensin System

Answer 25

Hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

Question 26

Angiotensin II

Answer 26

Hormone that stimulates aldosterone release and constricts blood vessels; helps to regulate blood volume and pressure.

Question 27

Angiotensin I

Answer 27

Hormone converted to angiotensin II.

Question 28

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)

Answer 28

Enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I and angiotensin II.

Question 29

Edema

Answer 29

Swelling from fluid accumulation.