Introduction Flashcards
matter
has mass and takes up space, anything that takes up space
mass
the amount of “stuff” something contains
weight
the measure of the gravitational pull on an object
space
volume an object
density
mass divided by volume
solids
have a definite volume and shape
liquids
definite volume and take the shape of their containers
gases
no definite shape or volume
aqueous
a solution where the solvent is water, combination as water and another state of matter but considered one state of matter
atom
smallest particle of matter
element
a pure substance made of only one ttype of atom
compound
when two or more different atoms chemically bond
molecule
smallest particle of a compound, made when two or more atoms chemically bond
mixtures
two or more different types of molecules, elements, or compounds not chemically bonded
homogeneous compounds
one phase, can’t distinguish
heterogeneous compounds
two phase, not same, tell there is a difference after change
dimensional analysis
uses equalities as conversion factors to solve conceptual problems mathematically
C to F conversion
[ ( F + 40 ) 5/9 ] - 40 = C
F to C conversion
[ ( C + 40 ) 9/5 ] -40 = F
C to K conversion
C + 273 = K
Mega (M)
1x10^6, or 1,000,000
Kilo (K)
1x10^3, or 1000
Decka (DK)
1x10^1, or 10
deci (d)
1x10^-1, or 0.1
centi (c)
1x10^-2, or 0.01
milli (m)
1x10^-3, or 0.001
micro ( )
1x10^-6, or 0.0000001
nano (n)
1x10^-9, or 1/ 1 billion
pico (p)
1x10^-12, or 1/ 1 trillion
filtration
separation based on solubility differences
re-crystalization
separation based on boiling point differences (liquid/solid)
distillation
separation based on boiling point differences in liquids
chromatograohy
separation based on particle size
scientific method
1.make observations 2.collect data 3.form your hypothesis 4.test your hypothesis 5. conslusion
chemical change
bonds are formed or broken
