Intro to the Scientific Method & Evolution Flashcards
Science is limited to working on problems or answering questions involving things we can test by______________
Physical measurements
A scientist develops a ___________ based on their background knowledge of the subject. This is then tested by designing an _____________.
Hypothesis
Experiment
In the test, a variable/treatment is compared to the ________ to see if it had an effect.
Control group
A tested and generally accepted explanation of a biological principle is called a _______.
Theory
In science, __________ are generally tested and accepted descriptions of a principle.
Laws
Following the changes in frequency of traits in a population over time, is studying _________, which could lead to a new species.
Evolution
Natural selection without mutation, ________ the diversity of traits. (increases/decreases/doesn’t change)
Decreases
Darwin noticed that looking at traits among individuals in a population there was ___________.
Variation/Diversity
In a natural population, resources available usually are ________ at some time and the population’s fertile rate potentially _________ those resources.
Limited
Exceeds
This causes a competition to survive and reproduce, also known as ______.
Survival of the fittest
In evolutionary terms, “better fit” means that organism ___________ than another organism in the same population
Can produce more fertile offspring
Our food crops and dogs are examples of new varieties that have come about due to _________ selection.
Artificial
New traits come into a population by ________.
Mutations
Homologous traits are shared by species because they are _________.
Related by a common ancestor
An example of a homologous trait is ____________.
Bone structure of cats and whales
Analogous traits among species always have the same _________, but they do not share __________.
Functions
Ancestry
An example of an analogous trait is _____________.
Wings of birds and butterflies
In convergence, ___________ species adapt to __________ environments.
Different
Similar
Developed biological classification system
Who is Linnaeus
Studied economics and population growth in Paris
Who is Malthus
Proposed that species change over time becoming better adapted to their environments, but his explanation as to how wasn’t accepted.
Who is Lamarck
Wrote the origin of species and a complete hypothesis for explaining the process of evolution.
Who is Darwin
Geologist that proposed that earth was very old and the physical environment had changed over time.
Who is Lyell
