Intro To SLP- Ch 6, 7, 8 Flashcards
Edema
Vocal fold tissues become swollen causing a chance in voice quality
Aphonia
Complete loss of voice
Harsh voice
Associated with excessive muscle tension
Breathy voice
Produced with a partial whisper; vocal folds are brought together so that they vibrate but a space between them remains
Whisper
When the space between the vocal folds is wide enough that they can’t be drawn into phonation producing a fricative sound
Hoarse
Voice that is both harsh and breathy
Atrophy
Reduction in tissue
Hyperfunction
Increased muscle activity
Hypofunction
Reduced muscle activity
Diplophonia
A “two toned” voice resulting from simultaneous vibration of two structures with differing vibratory frequencies
Dysphonia
Disturbed muscle tone resulting in disturbed phonation
Metastasized
To spread or invade by metastasis usually from cancer
Unilateral
Pertaining to one side
Bilateral
Pertaining to two sides
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
Paramedics
Half open position of the vocal folds makes it daily east for the exhaled airstream to draw the folds into vibration
Extrinsic laryngeal muscles
Muscles originating or acting from outside of the part where they are located
Stroboscopy
Slow motion technique that allows clinicians to examine closely the movement characteristics of the vocal folds
Visi-Pitch
Provides objective data regarding a number of acoustic parameters including the patient’s fundamental frequency
Laryngectomy
Medical treatments involving the removal of the larynx
Stoma
A small opening
Larygectomees
People who have had a laryngectomy
Esophageal speech
Air is actively injected down the esophagus past an area known as the neoglottis, the pseudoglottis, or the pharyngeal-esophageal (PE) segment
Bifid uvula
Split into two parts
Posterior pharyngeal wall
Back of the throat
Chelioplasty
Surgical repair of a lip defect
Palatoplasty
Surgical repair of a palatal defect
Hypernasality
Excessively undesirable amount of perceived nasal cavity resonance during phonation
Nasal emission
Airflow through the nose, usually measurable or audible and heard most frequently during the production of voiceless plosives and fricatives; usually indicative of an incomplete seal between the nasal and oral cavities
Glottal stops
A plosives sound made by stopping and releasing the breath stream at the level of the glottis; may be a compensatory behavior in the presence of inadequate velopharyngeal closure
Pharyngeal stops
Plosives sounds produced by contacting the back of the tongue to the posterior pharyngeal wall building up air pressure behind the obstruction and rapidly releasing it to produce a popping or plosives sound
Pharyngeal fricatives
Fricatives sounds produced by approximating the back of the the tongue and the posterior pharyngeal wall and forcing air through the resultant constriction
Compensatory articulations
Production of a sound utilizing alternative placement of the articulators rather than the usual placement
Hyponasal (denasal)
Lack of nasal resonance for the 3 phonemes /m, n, ng/ resulting from a partial or complete obstruction in the nasal tract
Nasometer
Device records oral and nasal components of a person’s speech sensed by microphones on either side of a sound separator that rests on the patient’s lip
Endoscopy
Allows visualization of the nasal surface of the velopharyngeal structures by means of a flexible tube inserted through the nose
Pharyngeal flap surgery
Surgical procedure to aid in achieving velopharyngeal closure; a flap of skin is used to close most of the opening between the velum and the nasopharynx
Superior sphincter pharyngoplasty
Surgical procedure to aid in achieving velopharyngeal closure; the posterior faucial pillars are raised and used to form a bulge that reduced the size of opening between the velum and nasopharynx
