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Physiology Test 1 > Intro To Physiology > Flashcards

Intro To Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology

A

Study of normal function of a living organism and its parts

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2
Q

Exchange of material between external and internal environment systems

A

Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive

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3
Q

Digestive

A

Gastrointestinal, tract, liver, pancreas
Assimilation of nutrients elimination of some waste

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4
Q

Endocrine

A

Endocrine glands,
coordination of body functions to release a regulatory molecules

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5
Q

Immune

A

Thymus, spleen, lymphatic system, white blood cells
Defense against pathogens

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6
Q

Nervous

A

Brain spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Coordination of body functions through electrical signals and release a regulatory molecules
Cognition

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7
Q

Reproductive

A

Gonads penis vagina uterus
Procreation

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8
Q

Respiratory

A

Lungs
Oxygen and carbon dioxide, and exchange with external environment

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9
Q

Urinary

A

Kidneys, bladder
Homeostasis of ion concentrations in internal environment elimination of wastes

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10
Q

Themes of physiology

A

Structure and function are related, molecular interaction compartmentation

Living organisms require energy

Information flow coordinates, body function via DNA cell to cell communication

Homeostasis maintains internal stability

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11
Q

Extracellular fluid components

A

Interstitial fluid
Plasma

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12
Q

Stable disequilibrium

A

Moving to keep balance
Exchange of water
Exchange of intracellular and extracellular fluid
Exchange of ions

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13
Q

K and NaCl concentration

A

In intracellular fluid, the concentration of potassium is higher, and the concentration of sodium is lower

In the extra cellular fluid, the sodium chloride is higher, but concentration of the potassium is lower

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14
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Almost no proteins

Fluid can move freely from interstitial and plasma compartment

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15
Q

Control system pathway

A

Stimulus
Sensor
Input signal
Integrating center
output signal
Target
Response

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16
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a stable internal
Dynamic steady state
Stable does equilibrium between the ECF and ICF

17
Q

Control systems

A

Stimulus, sensor, input signal, integrating center, output signal, target, response

18
Q

Feed forward responses

A

Salvation reflex
Stimulus- the sight smell, thought of food
Response- salivation, HCl secretion in the stomach

19
Q

Negative feedback

A

Shut off the response loop by removing the signal that’s helping with homeostasis

Most of the systems of our body works on the negative feedback loop and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis

Ex
Hypothalamus sends a positive signal to the anterior pituitary, which in turn sends a positive signal back to the endocrine gland and the hormone causing release and action at a target tissue. It is a negative signal. The body has enough of the hormone, and the anterior pituitary stops secreting more.

20
Q

Positive feedback

A

It is a loop with the stimulus is reinforced, and it keeps getting reinforced and an outside factor needs to shut it down

Ex
The release of the hormone is re-stimulating, and Teri pituitary to release even more hormones. Like giving birth, oxytocin causes uterine contractions

21
Q

Pathology

A

The study of when normal physiology breaks down in the series manifest

There’s individual level and clinical level

22
Q

Etiology

A

Study of pathogens that cause disease
What impacts normal physiology for a certain disease to develop

23
Q

Clinical pathology

A

Applied solution to the problem

What are the best practices to combat this disease from getting worse or preventing a disease

24
Q

Diagnosis

A

Recognition of a disease by its outward signs

25
Q

Prognosis

A

How will a disease progress

26
Q

Incidence

A

Number of new occurrences of a certain disease
Per year and per population

27
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of persons per hundred thousand who suffered from a certain disease on a certain day

28
Q

Signs

A

Objective evidence of disease

29
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective evidence of disease or complaints

30
Q

Syndrome

A

Group of signs and symptoms that occur together

31
Q

Sequela

A

Chronic aftermath of a disease

32
Q

Acute

A

Intense and last few days or weeks

33
Q

Subacute

A

Characterized by an insidious, gradual and cumulative onset and clinical course that last weeks less than months

34
Q

Chronic

A

Permanent, slow and long lasting
residual

35
Q

Psychologic

A

Can affect your response to illness Mike, fear denial or non-compliant
Depression change in function or loss of function medication

Physiology Test 1 (12 decks)

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