Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology Test 1 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Pathogenic

A

Disease causing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Virulence

A

degree or intensity of pathogenicity
Pathogens ability to cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Infection

A

Parasitic microorganisms increase in number within or on the body of the host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bacteria

A

Cocci, bacilli, spirochetes
Gram positive, gram negative
Encapsulated, non encapsulated
Aerobic, nonaerobic
Endotoxin, exotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mycoplasmas

A

Atypical bacterium, no cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rickettsia

A

Intracellular gram negative bacteria found in ticks, fleas, lice, mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Protozoan

A

Single celled organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Viruses

A

Multiplies only within living cells of a host, RNA or DNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Prions

A

Transmitted from animals to human contains proteins without nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antibiotic resistant organisms

A

Methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Vancomycin- resistant enterococci

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis TB

Hypervirulent clostridium difficile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mode of entry

A

Ingestion, inhalation, transplacental, injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Portal of exit

A

G.I. T, genitourinary tract, open lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

First line of defense

A

Intact skin mucous membranes respiratory Celia, cough reflex is normal flora of the skin mouth, G.I. tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Second line of defense

A

Inflammatory process, nonspecific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Third line of defense

A

Immune response, specific immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Systemic symptoms

A

Fever, chills, sweating, malaise, nausea, vomiting

17
Q

Cardiovascular symptoms

A

Petechial lesions changes in heart rate and blood pressure

18
Q

Respiratory symptoms

A

Sore throat, cough, shortness of breath changes in respiratory rate

19
Q

Central nervous system symptoms

A

Altered level of consciousness, confusion, headache, photophobia, stiff neck, seizures

20
Q

G.I. symptoms

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

21
Q

Genitourinary symptoms

A

Flank pain, pain with urination, frequency, and urgency with urination

22
Q

Integumentary symptoms

A

Abscess skin rash, red streaks

23
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Bacteria that causes diarrhea and colitis
Exotoxins cause damage to cytoskeleton in tight junctions of target cells

Inflammatory response, persistent diarrhea
Watery stools 3x day
Abdominal cramping
Fever
Related to antibiotic use

Mode of transmission- direct and indirect contact

24
Q

Staphylococcus infection

A

Localized- skin abscesses and infected burns, and surgical wounds

Invasion of the deeper tissue and or access to the bloodstream
Cellulitis
Osteomyelitis
Bacterial arthritis
Bacterial endocarditis

Mode of transmission direct contact

25
Q

Streptococcus infections

A

Pharyngitis- strep throat including tonsils
Scarlet fever- untreated, streptococcal, pharyngitis, or wound
Impetigo- skin lesions
Cellulitis - skin
Erysipelas - cellulitis involving the dermis and superficial lymphatics
Necrotizing fasciitis - where spreads quickly widespread fascial necrosis
Pneumonia- community acquired

26
Q

Infectious mononucleosis

A

Associated with Epstein bar virus. Herpes family
4 to 6 weeks of incubation

Children are asymptomatic or minimal symptoms

Young adults, having large lymph nodes in the neck, fatigue fever spikes in the evening abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, splenic rupture

Virus dormant in B lymphocytes- reactivation

Complications- chronic fatigue syndrome, increased risk of certain cancers, multiple sclerosis.
Mode of transmission, direct contact saliva

27
Q

Pseudomonas

A

P. Aeruginosa opportunistic pathogen an upper respiratory tract
Hospital acquired ICU or nursing homes

Thrives on moist surfaces, swimming pools, whirlpool tubs, and respiratory equipment

Contact hands under fingernails
Invades small arteries and veins hemorrhagic necrosis
Blue green exudate color
Fruity odor

Respiratory tract pneumonia , CNS meningitis, skin, soft tissue, bones and joints, septicemia

28
Q

Varicella zoster

A

Chickenpox
Headache, photophobia, rose petal rash
begins on the scalp, and spreads throughout the body
Self-limiting and children complications are rare

The virus persist in the dorsal root ganglia , reactivate decades later usually when the individual is immuno compromised, and causes shingles or varicella zoster

29
Q

Shingles

A

Unilateral, painful blisters along the dermatomes

Complication- post herpetic, neuralgia

30
Q

Difference between airborne and droplet

A

Airborne- small particles, less than 5 µm can float in air currents within a room, cough and sneeze and host Inhales
examples include TB chickenpox and rubeola measles.

Droplet- larger than 5 µm does not remain suspended and found within 3 feet influenza

Physiology Test 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions