Intro to personality and bio approaches Flashcards
define personality
An individual’s unique and relatively consistent pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving
another term for personality
Individual differences
Name the approaches to personality
Biological
Behavioural
Social
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Trait theory
Name Eysenck 2 primary personality traits
extraversion/introversion
neuroticism
typical extraverts
outgoing, impulsive and sociable
typical introverts
quiet, reserved and distant
high neuroticism
unstable or highly emotional, easily upset and angered
low neuroticism
less prone to mood wings
evidence of biology influencing personality
consistency of extraversion and introversion over time
similar personality versions in cross cultural studies
genetics playing vital role
Five factor model personality dimensions
- Openness
- Conscientiousness
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
explain twins and personalities
Fraternal twins ≈50% shared genetics
Dissimilar personalities
Identical twins = 100% shared genetics
Similar personalities
example of personality trait that may have more genetic influence
neuroticism
define genotype
- Genetic makeup of an individual
- Contained in 23 pairs of chromosomes
Made up of pairs of alleles (e.g., gene variants) provided by parents
define epigenetics
- Influence of environment on gene expression
Alters structure of DNA
interactions between genes
phenotype
- Observable expression of genetics
E.g., height, eye colour, blood type, personality