Intro to Neuroscience

Question 1

ABOVE THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “anterior”

Answer 1

rostral

Question 2

BELOW THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “anterior”

Answer 2

ventral

Question 3

ABOVE THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “posterior”

Answer 3

caudal

Question 4

BELOW THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “posterior”

Answer 4

dorsal

Question 5

ABOVE THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “superior”

Answer 5

dorsal

Question 6

BELOW THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “superior”

Answer 6

rostral

Question 7

ABOVE THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “inferior”

Answer 7

ventral

Question 8

BELOW THE MIDBRAIN, what anatomical direction means “inferior”

Answer 8

caudal

Question 9

what is the difference between a midsagittal plane and a parasagittal plane

Answer 9

midsagittal produces EQUAL halves

parasagittal produces UNEQUAL halves

Question 10

what is white matter and what are the examples we were given

Answer 10

a bundle of myelinated axons in the CNS

ex) tract, lemniscus, fasciculus, column, peduncle, bundle, capsule

Question 11

what is grey matter and what are the examples we were given

Answer 11

areas containing groups of cell bodies
ex) in PNS - ganglia
in CNS - nuclei, basal ganglia, thalamus, cortex

Question 12

what comprises the central part of the spinal cord and the horns

Answer 12

GREY matter

Question 13

what is found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord

Answer 13

cell bodies for lower motor neurons

Question 14

what is found in the lateral horn of the spinal cord

Answer 14

presynaptic sympathetic neurons

ONLY between T1-L2

Question 15

what is found in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

Answer 15

sensory neurons

Question 16

what is the central sulcus

Answer 16

groove between parietal and frontal lobes

Question 17

what is the the lateral sulcus

Answer 17

groove between parietal, frontal, and temporal lobes

Question 18

what is the significance of the precentral gyrus

Answer 18

it’s the primary motor cortex

Question 19

what is the significance of the postcentral gyrus

Answer 19

it’s the primary somatosensory cortex

Question 20

what are the major features of the ventral side of the midbrain

Answer 20

cerebral peduncles

CN III

Question 21

what are the major features of the dorsal side of the midbrain

Answer 21

superior and inferior colliculus

CN IV

Question 22

what is the major feature of the pons

Answer 22

CN V

Question 23

what are the major features of the medulla and where are they found

Answer 23

all are on the ventral surface:
pyramids and olives
CN IX, X, XII

Question 24

what does the diencephalon consist of

Answer 24

hypothalamus
epithalamus
thalamus
eyes

Question 25

what CNs exit the midbrain

Answer 25

CN III and IV

Question 26

what CNs exit the brainstem at the pontomedullary junction

Answer 26

VI, VII, VIII

Question 27

where does CN XI exit the brainstem

Answer 27

the spinal cord

Question 28

what CNs exit the medulla

Answer 28

IX, X, XII